Vestnik of the Foundation for Fundamental Research, 2008, No.1(43)
/ Publications / Scientific Journals
Vestnik of the Foundation for Fundamental Research, 2008, No.1(43)
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VESTNIK OF THE FOUNDATION FOR FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH Published by RUE "Publishing House «Belaruskaya Navuka»", Minsk, Republic of Belarus |
Number 1(43), 2008
CONTENTS
THE DAY OF BELARUSIAN SCIENCE
Congratulations by the President of the Republic of Belarus on the Day of Belarusian Science. p. 5
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Prokoshin V. I., Titova E. T.
A new impetus to the development of the Belarusian-Vietnamese cooperation in fundamental science. pp. 6-9
Protocol of working meeting of representatives of the Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology and the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research on January 6-12, 2008. p. 10
COMPETITIONS RESULTS
Joint competition of fundamental research projects "BRFFR-VAST" of the BRFFR and the Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology. pp. 11-12
BRFFR COMPETITIONS: NORMATIVE BASE
Terms of the Call for Joint Scientific Projects of the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research and the Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology "BRFFR-VAST-2008". pp. 13-16
Terms of the Call for Joint Scientific Projects of the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research and the French National Center for Scientific Research "BRFFR-CNRS(PICS)-2009". pp. 17-21
Competition for the Belarusian-French seminars in 2008. pp.22-23
SUPPORT OF SCIENCE: THE INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
Titova E. T.
Cooperation of foundations for fundamental research of Russia and Belarus: the ways and prospects of development. pp. 24-36
SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS
Shakhbazau A. V., Panyush A. S., Kartel N. A.
Comparative study of phytopathogen growth inhibition by Chia-Spl chitinase on transgenic tobacco model. pp. 37-43
Summary: The need to improve pathogen resistance of agricultural crops requires bioengineering procedures, of which plant transformation with antifungal genes is a promising tool. Within this work, plant expression vector carrying endochitinase gene from Serratia plymuthica is created and used to produce an agrobacterial transformation system and, consequently, transgenic tobacco plants. Transgene presence and expression are confirmed using PCR and RT-PR, respectively. Expression of bacterial endochitinase in tobacco resulted in noticeable growth inhibition of such fungal pathogens as Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria solani and Botrytis cinerea. Vector system carrying chitinase from Serratia plymuthica, antifungal effect of which is shown within this research, will be further used for the transformation of agricultural crops in order to improve their pathogen resistance.
Rupasova J. A., Morozov O. V., Ignatenko V. A., Varavina N. P., Rudakovskaya R. N., Vasilevskaya T. I.
A comparative assessment of new hybrids of the Ericaceae fam. Berry plants obtained with participation of Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. with regard to fruit biochemical composition. pp. 44-53
Summary: The results of a comparative study of the biochemical composition of ripe fruit of seven forms of the F1 V. uliginosum x V. vitis-idaea hybrid and parent plants have been reviewed. The majority of hybrid plants display a higher (as compared with the parent plants - Vaccinium uliginosum L. and Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) content of soluble sugars (by 15-54 and 9-45% respectively), including glucose (by 12-47 and 8-35%), fructose (by 20-72 and 26-81%); anthocyans (by 155-618 and 63-308%), protopectin - by 39 % (in comparison with Vaccinium uliginosum L.) and catechins - by 10-19% (in comparison with Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) in their fruit. Thereby all or the majority of hybrids are distinguished from the parent plants for a lower content in fruit of saccharose (by 27-51 and 26-68% respectively), pectin substances (by 11-24 and 8-17%), cellulose (by 7-17 and 10-19%), leucoanthocyanins (by 16-42 and 36-67%), bioflavonoids (by 8-24 and 2-19%), including flavonols (by 11-38 and 3-32%), tannins (by 21-27 and 6-46%), and also lignins - by 5-15 % (in comparison with Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.). As regards catechins and lignins content, no significant differences between the majority of hybrids and Vaccinium uliginosum L. have been revealed. No differences have been established between them and Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. in the content of protopectin and catechins either.
Volchek A. A., Volchek An. A.
Shifting the terms of maximum water discharge occurrences of spring high-water on the rivers of Belarus. pp. 54-59
Summary: The paper outlines the results of investigations, confirming the shift in the dates of maximum water discharge periods that occur in spring high water on the rivers of Belarus to the earlier terms on the territory of the whole country. The analysis of the data has shown that at present over 70 % of high-water peak occurrences in the detailed rivers of Belarus happen during the third decade of March. It is noteworthy that in the pre-1980's the maximum water discharge would be registered on 3/4 of all the rivers during the first decade of April. The major causes of shifting high-water peaks on the rivers of Belarus are the changes of natural-climatic conditions.
Sharko O. L., Kisel M. A., Gretskaya N. M., Bezuglov V. V.
Phospholipase A2 modulators and their effect on group I enzymes. pp. 60-70
Summary: The screening of N-arachidonoylaminoacids and N-arachidonoylaminoalcohols as modulators of both cobra venom and porcine pancreatic phospholipases A2 activity was carried out. Despite the analogous molecular structure, requirement of the same cofactor, and similar pH optimum the enzymes from cobra venom and porcine pancreas showed quite opposite behavior towards two conventional groups of effectors. The phospholipase from cobra venom is inhibited by negatively charged effectors which activate the pancreatic phospholipase, the activating effect being especially strong for the modulators containing functional or aromatic groups in the amino acid moiety. On the contrary, N-arachidonoylaminoacids except prolinol derivative inhibit pancreatic phospholipase A2 and slightly activate the one from cobra venom. The inhibition type for some effectors was determined.
Nedbalsky V. K., Orlovich A. I., Sizov V. D., Kurilenko A. E., Filipchik A. V., Vyrvich A. A.
Development of Low-Pressure Hydraulic Turbine with Increased Efficiency. pp. 71-74
Summary: The design of a low-pressure fan hydraulic turbine with increased efficiency is developed. The detailed description of the hydraulic set equipped with two hydraulic turbines serving as a working unit is given. The prototype of the hydraulic turbine is made. Tests performed in the hydraulic tray at the BNTU have established that the efficiency of this turbine is 76-78%. Hydraulic turbines can be installed on the verticals shafts without construction of dams and are capable to produce (generate) electric power all-the-year-round.
Eryomin A. N., Potapovich M. V., Rubinov D. B., Osoka O. M., Mikhailova R. V.
Effect of tralkoxydim and sethoxydim herbicides on peroxidase activity of cultural liquid îf Phellinus robustus K fungus. pp. 71-88
Summary: It has been established, that at oxidation tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) catalyzed by peroxidase Ph. robustus K in the presence dimethylformamide (DMF), sodium dodecyl sulfate and universal buffer (UB), pH 8, the rate of the formation of an intermediate product absorbing at a wave length of 655 nm is decreased. With growth of the DMF contents the rate of accumulation of a final product of oxidation TMB was increased. Tralkoxydim and sethoxydim hindered a decrease of enzyme activity. The efficiency of the herbicide influence on a mushroom peroxidase was lower as compared with their influence on horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Michaelis constant and maximal rate of TMB oxidation increased with growth of tralkoxydim concentration in water medium, but efficiency of process (Vmax/Km) is weakly changed. DMF reduced the operational stability of mushroom peroxidase. Tralkoxydim, sethoxydim and 30 mM UB, pH 8, protected the enzyme from the inactivation at TMB oxidation. DMF, herbicides and cultural liquid increased operational stability of HRP, but decreased its termostability above 50°C. A water solution containing cultural liquid of Ph. robustus K and high concentration DMF is possible to use for the research of effects rendered pesticides on mushrooms peroxidases.
SCIENCE OF BELARUS: STATE, PROBLEMS, PROSPECTS
Kurochkin Yu. A., Satsunkevich I. S.
On possibility of searching for magnetic monopoles of any kind but small mass in experiments at Large Hadron Collider. pp. 89-93
Kudina E. F.
Prospects for the organosilicate composites. pp. 94-97
Designed and maintained by Dr. Nikolai N. Kostyukovich. Last updated: May 1, 2008
Created with assistance of Natalia N. Polovinko
Copyright © 2008 The National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Copyright © 2008 Vestnik of the Foundation for Fundamental Research
