Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Medical Sci., 2010, No.1

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Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Medical Sci., 2010, No.1

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
(Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
Published by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus

Number 1, 2010

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Khurs O. M., Polityko A. D., Rumyantseva N. V., Isakovich L. V., Kulak V. D., Kvasnikova N. V., Mosse К A., Osadchuk T. V., Naumchik I. V.
Prader-Willi syndrome in Belarus: genetic structure and characterization of disease. pp. 5--10

Summary: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder with an incidence of 1 per 20 000-10 000 new-born infants. Several genetic defects may cause this disease. Microdeletion of 15qll.2-ql3 and maternal uniparental disomy (UPD) of chromosome 15 are most common. FISH and molecular analysis of markers D15S11, SNRPN and D15S131 were used for laboratory diagnostics of PWS. The genetic structure of PWS in Belarus was studied: deletions were detected in 95.5% of patients, maternal UPD -- in 4.5%, robertsonian translocation der(15;15) - in one case. The genetic defect was established in 37.7% of our patients. The analysis of the genotype-phenotype correlation provided the high effectiveness (69.2%) of PWS establishing in Belarus.

Matsiuk Ya. R., Baraban O. V., Emelyanchik S. V.
Influence of pregnant rat cholestasis on the morphofunctional properties of testicles of offsprings. pp. 11--17

Summary: Subhepatic obstructive cholestasis induced experimentally at the late stage (on the 17th day) of pregnancy inhibits the testicular weight increment and the formation of the structure and process of spermatogenesis in the born offspring rats. The testicular tubules, even in period of puberty, are characterized by the straight ducts and by the thinner epitheliospermatogenic layer due to a decrease in the number of spermatogenic cells, the latter showing different stages of spermatogenesis and destructive changes. The revealed abnormalities are characterized by the stability on the 15th, 45th and 90th days of postnatal development that will certainly take a negative effect on the reproductive function of a new rat generation.

Novakovskaya S. A.
Peculiar features of structural organization of the conducting system of small intestine in postnatal ontogenesis. pp. 18--24

Summary: The organization of the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) at various stages of ontogenesis has been investigated using electron microscopy. It was established that the ICCs of the small intestine of newborn rats are morphologically and functionally immature cells like their cells-predecessors. By the age of 1.5 months, the organization of interstitial cells looks like that of mature cells and shows functional traits typical for them. The ICCs along with smooth muscle cells and motoneurons of the intramural nervous plexuses form a common combined system which takes direct participation in generating and transmitting the nerve impulses in the intestine wall and controlling the peristalsis process not only in the small intestine but also in the gastrointestinal tract as a whole.

Malenchenko A. E, Belyakovskiy V. N, Lukovskaya N. D., Prigozhaya T. L, Stasenkova S. V.
Condition of the centers of linkage of serum albumin in cancer gynecological patients at beam therapy. pp. 25--29

Summary: With the use of the method of fluorescent probes the condition of the centers of linkage of serum albumin in healthy women and in the cancer patients, passing a course of beam therapy, is analyzed at different modes. It is shown that CCA in healthy persons and cancer patients are in the limits of normal values, however parameters of ECA, RSA and IT of patients statistically, for certain, differ in comparison with those in the control group. Carrying out the beam therapy course both split and not split promotes an increase of values of IT.

Skrahina A. M.
Level of blood cytokines in multidrug resistance tuberculosis patients. pp. 30--34

Summary: Levels of IL-1, IL-4, IL-8, IFN-g, TNF-a, G-CSF in peripheral blood were studied by ELISA in 78 multidrug resistance tuberculosis (MDR ТВ) patients during six month chemotherapy. Significant differences were revealed in levels of IL-la, IL-ib, IL-8 during treatment in two groups of MDR ТВ patients: group 1 -- with radiological improvements and sputum conversion; group 2 -- without radiological improvements with continued bacterium discharge. In group 1 in 3 months of therapy the level of IL-la decreased to a normal value, the level of IL-ib fluctuated slightly, and the level of IL-8 increased significantly. In group 2 during the indicated treatment period the level of IL-la remained high, the level of IL-ib as well as that of IL-8 decreased significantly. The levels of IL-ib and IL-8 in the peripheral blood of MDR ТВ patients can be used as predicting factors for treatment outcome.

Lutskaya I. K, Novak N. V.
Fluorescence of teeth and filling materials. pp. 35--39

Summary: The results on research of fluorescence of teeth of patients (junior and older age groups) are given in the article. Also, the data on filling materials of different manufactures and their comparative characteristic are presented.

Kirillov V. A., Akimova L. N, Kliukina L. В., Dubrovsky A. Ch.
Method of presentation of initial morphometric data of tumor cells for diagnosing breast cancer. pp. 40--46

Summary: Considering ductal carcinoma and fibroadenoma of the mammary gland as an example, it has been determined that the parameters of the regression curve for a set of experimental points on scatterograms illustrating the dependence of the perimeter on the area of tumor cell nuclei can be used as an additional diagnostic criterion for the nature of the disease. The obtained results show that the qualitative parameters obtained after the transformation of the initial morphometric data of tumor cells with the help of the regression analysis allow an effective differentiation of the malignant and benign nature of the mammary gland disease.

Bushma K. M., Bushma M. I.
Role of the systems of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense of kidneys in predisposition of rabbits to gentamycin nephrotoxicity. pp. 47--53

Summary: The correlation between the individual peculiarities of the processes of the lipid peroxidation, the state of the antioxidant defense system in the intact kidneys of rabbits (before intoxication by gentamycin) and the sensitivity of this organ to impairment by this antibiotic is established. Gentamycin nephrotoxicity is more pronounced in rabbits with an increased MDA level and an activated NADPH-dependent system of its generation in the kidneys. Decreased levels of GSH and vitamin A as well as enzymopathy of SOD are burdening factors. The significance of amino glycoside nephropathy in rabbits with hydronephrosis correlates with the less peculiarities of the processes of the lipid peroxidaton in the "hydronephrotic" kidney and with the state of its antioxidant defense than in intact animals.

Slizen V. V., Titov L. P.
Detection of SCCmec types in resistant to methicillin Staphylococcus spp. pp. 54--61

Summary: The emerging spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. poses a significant threat to public health. The aim of the study was to determine the heterogeneity of SCCmec types in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. Circulating in Belarus. 218 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus spp. obtained from different hospitals during the years of 2006-2007 were screened for the presence of genes controlling resistance to methicillin (mecA). Seventy three mec-positive strains Staphylococcus spp. were selected and their SCCmec types I -- V were detected by multi-primer PCR. The majority of the tested MRS harbored SCCmec type III encountered in 59% of isolates. SCCmec types I, II, IV, V were revealed less frequent in 11, 11, 12, 7% of isolates, respectively. The presence of subtypes IVb and IVc but not IVa and IVd in MRS with SCCmec type IV was detected. Four strains with unidentified subtype of SCCmecIV probably belong to newly described subtypes f, g, h. This is the first report in Belarus describing the presence of MRS with SCCmec type V (7%) that has recently been described in different countries among the community-acquired isolates of Staphylococcus spp. A high frequency of mecA positive isolates (33%) with the prevalence of SCCmec type III (59%) was detected.

Khodulev V. I.
Clinic-electroneuromyographic evaluation of the pain sensitivity of patients with diabetic distal symmetric polyneuropathy. pp. 62--67

Summary: The peculiarities of disturbance of pinprick sensation (PS) on the lower limb of patients suffering from mellitus are scored. Its degree and the character of its change are compared with the electroneuromyographic data reflecting axonal (response amplitude) and conductive (conduction velocity) function of nerves of inferior limbs. It is shown that the presence of hyperalgesia and hypalgesia points to the sequence of involving PS fibers into the pathological process of axonal degeneration of nerves at diabetic distal symmetric polyneuropathy. Hyperalgesia reflects the disturbance of the conduction function of fibers at the early stage of axonal degeneration whereas hypalgesia - the phase of axonal degeneration of fibers conducting PS. The absence of any additional structural changes in the nerve at hyperpathy, which are revealed at hypalgesis, can be indicative of qualitative changes in the nerve tissue.

Dubkova I. V., Glinnik A. V., Mayevskaya O. I., Tchudakov O. P.
Polymer-composite implants "IKVOBAN" for reconstructive-rehabilitative operations in maxillofacial surgery. pp. 68--77

Summary: The new polymer composites developed have high biocompatibility owing to the availability of piezoelectric properties which are peculiar to all living biological objects. Composite implants have been tested during rehabilitation operations in maxillofacial surgery in hospitals of Belarus. The results obtained are positive. The composites are intended for using during reconstruction and rehabilitation operations in maxillofacial surgery.

Gorodetskaya I. V., Korenevskaya N. A.
Thyroid hormones influence on lipid peroxidation changes due to the acute and chronic stress. pp. 78--84

Summary: It is established that the change in the thyroid status (hypothyrosis and injection of small doses of thyroxin) influences the lipid peroxidation processes in the rat myocardium and blood under the acute and chronic immobilizational stress.

Korbut I. A., Baranovskaja E. I., Voropayev E. V., Morozova E. V.
Role of immune response factors and morphology of placenta in pathogenesis of perinatal infectious pathology. pp. 85--91

Summary: Features of the placenta structure and the level of immune molecules in patients with an increased perinatal risk are investigated. It is established that the increase of a lactoferrin level in the parent blood lower than 25 percentile is associated with the growth of the frequency of development of polyhydramnion, which confirms the antimicrobic action of a given protein. The data obtained illustrate the interlinking of the perinatal risk with inflammatory changes of the placenta, with the dissociated maturing of villas, with the changes of the amniotic fluid volume and the correlation with the level of g-IF of the peripheral blood of women with a normal water volume and the content of g-IF of the umbilical blood at polyhydramnion, which enables one to assume its conditionality intrauterine infection. The decrease in the level of RA-IL-1 b in the parent blood at pathological immaturity of the placenta is connected with reorganizing intercellular interactions and with starting a cascade of immune reactions. In the amniotic fluid an increased content of proinflammatory cytokines is revealed, which allows one to consider it as an immune active environment. The relationship of the infectious pathology with the autoactivation of the synthesis of mediators of the inflammations, resulting in the exhaustion of functional reserves of immune cells, is shown.

Mityukova T. A., Drozd V. M., Leonova T. A., Platonova T. Yu., Bezler Zh. A., Tuzova A. A., Lushchyk M. L.
Thyroxin influence on the cardiovascular system and the triiodothyronin reception in patients with thyroid carcinoma. pp. 92--98

Summary: This article presents the results on examination of the cardiovascular system condition and the triiodothyronin reception (T3) in patients operated on papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and having being treated with suppressive doses of thyroxin (about 3 mg/kg of body weight). The study showed that the most frequent ECG abnormality detected in patients operated on PTC and treated with levothyroxin suppressive therapy was the early ventricular repolarization syndrome (EVRS, 18.2%), whereas in the control group, EVRS was not detected. The group of patients with EVRS did not show significant differences in their thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and thyroxin dose from other patients. They still did have a stronger expressed metabolic effect of the thyroxin action: decreased cholesterol and increased blood glucose levels, as compared to patients without EVRS. Patients with EVRS showed a significant difference in the parameters of specific thyroxin binding to lymphocytes: decrease of the number of binding sites per cell and increase of equilibrium constant of association in comparison to patients without EVRS. A conclusion is made: patients with manifestations of EVRS should be more accurately approached levothyroxin suppressive therapy by limiting a dose to possibly minimal, as this group of patients, probably, shows the increased sensitivity to the thyroid hormone action.

Lamouskaya N. V., Khulup G. Y, Ivanchik G. I., Zafranskaya M. M.
Production of vascular endothelial growth factor by rat bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. pp. 99--104

Summary: We compared the ability of rat bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSC and adMSC) to secrete the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during a long-term culture. The results show a comparable ability of the early passages of bmMSC and adMSC to secrete VEGF. The decrease of VEGF production by MSC during a long-term culture, more substantial in adMSC cultures, was established. Our results show that the early passages of MSC represent a promising source of cells for transplantation to stimulate angiogenesis in ischemic tissues.

Vinogradov V. V., Golyshko P. V., Matsyuk Yu. R., Yarotsky Yu. V.
Influence of the permanent stress on hypertrophy and hyperplasia of thyrocites in rats after thyroid gland resection. pp. 105--111

Summary: In rats, periodic dosed stress provokes hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the whole thyroid gland and the thyroid residue after hemi- and subtotal resection, increasing their functional potential (structural adaptation trace). In the regenerate, permanent stress enhances proliferation of thyrocytes and their subsequent differentiation to actively functioning secretors elements, allowing accelerated postoperative rehabilitation of the rat thyroid gland.

SURVEYS

Tromza V. E., Nikiforova I. N.
Pharmacological properties of cannabinoids. pp. 112--119

Summary: The review represents actual information about the cannabinoidergic system. Main attention is paid to effects of different ligands of cannabinoid receptors on some systems of organs of man and animal.

SCIENTISTS OF BELARUS

Evgenii Pavlovich Demidchik (To the 85th Anniversary). pp. 120-121
Click here to read this article in Russian (Win1251)

CHRONICLE

International scientific conference "Medical-biological consequences of Chernobyl accident". p. 122

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