Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Medical Sci., 2009, No.2
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Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Medical Sci., 2009, No.2
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
(Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF MEDICAL SCIENCESPublished by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus |
Number 2, 2009
CONTENTS
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
Nechipurenko N. I., Lihachev S. A., Pashkovskaya I. D., Zaszhogin A. P., Nedsved G. K.
Trace element changes in blood and hair of patients suffering from dyscirculatory encephalopathy. pp. 5--9
Summary: The trace elements changes in blood and hair of 36 patients suffering from dyscirculatory encephalopathy (chronic cerebral ischemia) and in the samples of 20 healthy persons were studied. Depending on the morbidity stage all patients were divided into three groups. The trace elements were measured using atomic- emission spectrometry. It was shown that the level of Zn, Cu, Ca in the hair of the examined persons of the 1st group decreased. No significant changes of trace elements in patients of the 2nd group were noted. Unbalanced levels of Fe, Zn, Al and Be in blood and hair of the 3rd group were determined. The results obtained are used to explain the role of trace elements in development of dyscirculatory encephalopathy.
Titovets E. P., Parkhach L. P., Smeyanovich A. E., Lukasheika Yu. N., Shkout D. N., Bulgak V. V., Pekarskaya I. S.
Dependence of edema related to brain tumors on their localization. pp. 10--15
Summary: It has been demonstrated that the extent of peritumor edema of brain tumors depends on the tumor localization. The tumors of the frontal and temporal lobes are characterized by more expressed edema in comparison to that of the tumors in mediobasal and paraventricular regions.
Glazev A. A., Nefyodov L. I.
Changes in amino acid patterns of erythrocytes in cancer patients with anticancer drug NSC-631570. pp. 16--20
Summary: Amino acids and their derivatives were identified by means of the reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on an Agilent 1100 system with an analytical column Diasorb-130 C16T ("Elsico", Russia) after derivatization with ortho-phthalic aldehyde. In erythrocytes of cancer patients in comparison with healthy donors NSC-631570 selectively changed the amino acids with positively and negatively charged or not charged radical-groups. These changes depend on the concentration of NSC-631570 and the type of cancer.
Lelevich S. V.
Peculiarities of glucose metabolism in the liver and the content of hormones and insulin in rats at alcoholic intoxication. pp. 21--26
Summary: Conditions of glucose metabolism in the rat liver and its hormonal regulation under acute and chronic alcohol intoxication were studied. It was revealed that a single dose of ethanol decreased G-6-PH, piruvate and lactate levels in the liver and the insulin level in serum (1.0 g/kg) increased the glucose level in the liver and serum, increased T4 and TTH levels (2.5 g/kg) and formed the anaerobic orientation of glucose metabolism in the liver (5.0 g/kg). Chronic alcohol intoxication during 14 days increased the glucose level in the liver and serum. Alcohol intoxication during 29 days increased the glucose level and decreased glicogen and G-6-PH levels in the liver, decreased concentrations of insulin, T3, T4 in blood.
Ilyina H. G., Khurs O. M., Polityko A. D., Egorova T. M.
Clinical and molecular-cytogenetic analysis of Williams syndrome. pp. 27--31
Summary: The results of the clinical analysis of 67 personal observations of Williams syndrome are presented. A comparative clinical spectrum of personal and published observations is shown. On the basis of reliable paternal age rise in personal observations and published familial data genetic heterogeneity was suggested with possible dominant inheritance in the cases without microdeletions. The molecular cytogenetic analysis FISH in 13 probands with Williams syndrome was done for detection of microdeletion 7qll.23 with a positive result in 8 cases.
Shevchuk S. V., Gornitska O. V., Chernishenko T. M., Savchuk A. N., Platonova T. N.
Effect of antiphospho-lipid antibodies on the results of chronometric coagulative tests in systemic lupus erythematosis. pp. 32--36
Summary: The analysis of the hemostasis system condition in systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE) showed that the disorder of blood coagulation system and fibrinolysis were of different character. On the one hand, the coagulation time delay in coagulative tests of activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time was seen, and, on the other hand, thrombophilia markers were accumulated, which evidenced the activation of blood coagulation system. The delayed time of blood plasma coagulation in diagnostic tests associated with the presence of typical for SLE antiphospholipid antibodies does not exclude the thrombosis development. It is shown in the model systems that the autoantibodies can decrease the activation degree of prothrombin and blood coagulation X factor; therefore, performing the laboratory diagnosis with the aim to get objective information on the hemostasis system condition in the SLE complex approach is necessary.
Nikolaevich L. N., Ogurtsova S. A., Mashkovich A. E., Afonin V. Yu., Malei L. P., Kovaliova M. V., Anisovich M. V., Morozova E. V.
Influence of the extract Schizandra chinensis on the cell composition of peripheral blood. pp. 37--40
Summary: It is shown that the changes to hematologic composition of rats blood are of nonspecific nature, whose degree depends on concentrations of the introduced preparation and sex animal. It is also found that Schizandra chinensis in concentrations of 0.12 and 0.4% really increases the level of immunocompetent cells, which is indicative of its immunostimulating properties.
Petyovka N V., Goncharova N. V., Seviaryn I. M., Kosmacheva S. M., Potapnev M. P.
Efficient ex vivo expansion of human umbilical cord blood-derived hematopoietic stem cells. pp. 41--48
Summary: Mononuclear and CD34 -enriched cell fractions from human cord blood were cultured in a serum-free medium StemSpan with growth factors IL-3 (20 ng/ml), I1-6 (20 U/ml), CSF (50 ng/ml), Flt-3/Flk-2 Ligand (100 ng/ml) with or without allogenen-ic bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) as a feeder layer. Using the selected multi-step method of cell propagation ex vivo we enabled to increase the number of CD34 -positive cells 350 and 1100 -- fold among mononuclear or in CD34 -enriched cell fraction during 12 days of culture. The bone marrow MSC as a feeder promoted rapid cell proliferation, stabilized the hematopoietic stem cells content and maintained the undifferentiated state of the non-lineage-committed hematopoietic progenitors.
Bychkov A. V., Semenenya I. N., Ulashchik V. S.
Chronosurgery approach to the estimation of operative measures at the acute calculous cholecystitis. pp. 49--54
Summary: As a result of the testing of the chronosurgery model regarding acute calculous cholecystitis (sampling N = 200), the influence of day time when pesforming current operations on the length of postoperative period is established, the recommendations on optimization of view operative measures are formulated.
Mityukova T. A., Drozd V. M., Leonova T. A., Platonova T. Yu., Tuzova A. A., Novakovskyj M. Ye., Vashkevich I. I.
Specific binding of triiodothyronine with lymphocytes in patients operated for thyroid cancer. pp. 55--62
Summary: The article presents the results of studying specific binding of triiodothyronine with lymphocytes of patients operated for thyroid cancer. Significant differences in comparison to a control group were revealed in the following parameters: decrease of the average amount of binding sites for triiodothyronine (n = 519 ± 80 mol/cell) and increase of the average value of the association equilibrium constant (Ka = (8.51 ± 1.22 • 1010 M-1) in comparison to the control group (n = 1006 ± 217 mol/cell; Ka = (3.01 ± 0.33) • 101) M-1). Normal and close to normal values of specific T3 binding parameters were more frequent in patients who had no stable suppression of TSH levels, had a thyroxin intake less than 4 mcg/kg of body weight, the length of therapy less than 5 years, TG antibody levels close to the normal range and took vitamins with the antioxidant effect. Analyses of the reasons leading to the Ka increase and the n decrease in patients with thyroid carcinoma allowed noting such factors as the length of thyroxin therapy over 10 years and the thyroxin intake over 4 µg/kg of body weight.
Kruchkova N. N., Polovinkin I. V., Shevlyakov V. V., Tkachev S. V.
Comparative toxicological evaluation of paint-varnish water-based materials and organic solvents (experimental research). pp. 63--69
Summary: In the article the results of toxicological of research of paint-varnish water-based materials and organic solvents are presented. The method of studying locally irradiating and skin-resorptive properties of paint-varnish compositions is modified by the authors and described. The criteria causing hygienic safety of paint and varnish materials are determined.
Shilov V. V., Tumar E. M., Mashkovich A. E., Kozmidiadi A. O., Nadina N. G.
Comparative study of anti-ishemic, vasodilative and antihypertensive effects of trimetazidine, magnesium taurate and L-arginine succinate in vivo and in vitro. pp. 70--74
Summary: It has been shown that trimetazidine, magnesium taurate and L-arginine succinate (5 • 10-5 M) induce the negative inotropic effect and do not protect from reperfusion injuries in the isolated rat heart subjected to subtotal ischemia/reperfusion. The dilatation effect of magnesium taurate (5 • 10-5 M) on rat arterial vessels has been compared with the verapamil hydrochloride effect. All drugs studied do not modify the arterial pressure and the heart rate during their short-term intragastral administration (50 mg/kg) to SHR rats.
Isaikina Ya., Minakovskaya N., Aleinikova O.
Effect of autologous mesenchymal stem cell co-transplantation on the hematopoietic stem cell engraftment in children with malignant tumors. pp. 75--79
Summary: This investigation was undertaken to study the possibility of the application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for hematopoiesis support and reduction of the neutropenia period after autologous HSCs transplantation for children with oncohematological disorders and graft insufficiency of CD34+ cells/kg. We determined an accelerated engraftment of HSCs transplant with a small number of CD34+ cells/kg in the cases of autologous MSCs co-transplantation for children with malignant disorders. This approach is possible for children who have undergone prolonged myelotoxic and radiotherapy to expanse MSCs to the efficient for co-transplantation volume.
Kravchenko E. V., Maksimova L. V.
Study of nonassociative learning in mice with different genetically stipulated anxiety levels. pp. 80--85
Summary: The article deals with studying nonassociative learning (habituation of locomotions) in mice with different genetically stipulated anxiety levels in the presence and absence of zoosocial interactions. It is determined that the ability of nonassociative learning is decreased in inbred BALB/c (timid) mice, and this allows using them for modeling the habituation disturbance in patients with anxiety disorders. In C57B1/6 mice the habituation is expressed considerably higher at the single stay than it is at the group actimetry; this confirms the significance of the zoosocial factor in the nonassociative learning process.
SURVEYS
Konoplya Y. F., Shalatonin V. L., Mishchenko V. N., Vereshchako G. G.
Medical and biological effects caused by an electromagnetic field of high-voltage power lines. pp. 86--95
Summary: The purpose of this brief overview is to provide information about power lines magnetic field (MF) exposure and its possible impacts on health within the community and the workplace. A number of epidemiological and laboratory studies have suggested a small but statistically significant association between the exposure to 50/60 Hz electromagnetic fields (EMF) and specific health problems. However, these studies have not been able to clearly link EMF and adverse health effects, and our current knowledge of the etiology of cancer is insufficient to explain the mechanisms for the carcinogenicity (or any other health effect) of EMF. In addition, the conclusions of such studies are often controversial and not definitive. Among all the outcomes evaluated in epidemiological studies of EMF, childhood leukemia in relation to postnatal exposures above 0.3--0.4 µT is the one for which there is most evidence of an association. Limit of exposure to 50 Hz MF around buildings in Belarus is 50 µT and inside buildings -- 10 µT. The results of some of laboratory studies indicate that biochemical changes can occur at the cellular level when cells are exposed to MF. Also noted are the changes in DNA synthesis, RNA transcription, and the response of cells to signalling molecules such as hormones and neurotransmitters. There is a need for additional research, particularly careful replication studies, on the medical and biological effects of EMF exposure, especially at power line frequency (50 Hz).
Kuzhir T. D.
DNA repair in pathology: chromosome instability syndromes. pp. 96--102
Summary: A review of the current data on genetically determined diseases combined into the group of the chromosome instability syndromes (CIS) is presented. In the framework of this review, CIS are systematized depending on the deficiency of one or another DNA repair system. The molecular-genetic basis, the contribution of definite genes and their products to the pathological processes, diffusion of the related mutations in the populations, as well as molecular and cytogenetic markers of some diseases are considered. The expediency of the genome instability estimation using the Comet assay is grounded as an additional method of CIS early diagnostics.
Pronko P. S.
Biomarkers in diagnosis of alcoholism. pp. 103--116
Summary: A review is given of the biological markers used in laboratory diagnosis of alcohol abuse as well as of the novel tests, whose diagnostic value is still under study. A wide range of biomarkers of a hazardous level of alcohol use is presently available. Each of them has certain advantages and disadvantages. Optimal use of these diagnostic tests requires knowledge of the peculiarity of each of them. We have shown that the activities of the blood serum enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and its pyrazol-insen-sitive form (PI-ADH) is a more sensitive and informative test for chronic alcohol abuse than transaminase activities. Since the ADH activity is decreased during treatment, it can be used to control the process. The sensitivity and specificity of ADH and PI-ADH are enhanced during its combined application with a concentration of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin. To identify the initial stages of alcohol abuse, a combined use of the Mm-MAST questionnaire and the laboratory markers studied might be expedient. Methods for optimization of carbohydrate-deficient blood serum transferrin measurement are actively developed: this marker is more specific than traditional tests. Target-oriented use of novel and known alcohol abuse markers will contribute to detection of disorders related to alcohol use, increasing the efficacy of treatment of alcohol-dependent patients, enhancing traffic safety, detection of secret alcohol abuse and evaluation of the programs for treatment and prevention of alcohol abuse. It has been found that a combined use of laboratory tests with questionnaires and self-reports on the amount of alcohol consumed will significantly improve the efficacy of diagnosis and treatment. It is expected that direct ethanol metabolites (ethyl sulphate, ethyl glucoronide, fatty acid ethyl esters) will find application in public health, forensic medicine, psychiatry as well as be used by public security bodies as more objective methods to document alcohol abuse.
Artemova N. A., Minailo I. I., Tarutin I. G., Vorobeichikova O. I.
Programme of radiotherapy quality assurance is a basis for patient protection in cancer treatment. pp. 117--120
Summary: A programme of radiotherapy quality assurance has been developed, in the framework of which standards for monitoring the quality of operation of diagnosis and treatment facilities used in the course of radiation treatment, as well as standardized procedures and techniques of radiation pre-treatment and treatment for each tumour site have been devised, with subsequent approval by the Belarusian Public Health Ministry, enabling to enhance the treatment efficacy and to decrease the radiation burden on the normal tissues. The employment of the programme in all cancer institutions of Belarus will ensure high-level medical care for the patients.
SCIENTISTS OF BELARUS
Konoplya Evgenii Fedorovich (To the 70th Anniversary of Birthday). pp. 121--123
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