Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Medical Sci., 2007, No.4
/ Publications / Scientific Journals
Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Medical Sci., 2007, No.4
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
(Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF MEDICAL SCIENCESPublished by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus |
Number 4, 2007
CONTENTS
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
Konoplya E. E., Bagel I. M., Goroch G. A.
State of thyroid metabolism of animals underwent thyroparathyroidectomy in the radionuclide contamination zone. pp. 5--7
Summary: It is established that the stay of animals underwent thyroparathyroidectomy, followed with thyroxin substitution therapy in the radionuclide contamination zone causes the metabolic disturbance of thyroid hormones in tissues.
Tahanovich A. D., Alinejad S. M., Surkova L. K., Zacharevskij F. I.
Diagnostic value of determination of the adenosine desaminase activity in the pleural fluid and in the blood serum of patients with tuberculous pleurisy. pp. 8--11
Summary: The problem of tuberculosis is increasing in a number of countries. Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of pleural effusion. Diagnosis of pleural effusion remains obscured even after the implication of available tools. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) plays an important role in the immune system. The aim of our study was to show the usefulness of ADA in diagnosis and differentiation of tuberculous pleurisy. The adenosine deaminase activity in both pleural fluid and serum was measured in 22 patients with TB-pleural effusion and 23 in non-TB-pleural effusion. The ADA activity was determined according to the Giusti method. We compared the ADA levels in serum and pleural fluid in the both groups of effusion. The difference in TB effusion and an non-TB effusion was statistically significant. The results showed: first, the ADA enzyme activity in pleural fluid was significantly higher in TB effusion than non-TB effusion (77.88 ± 38.17 vs. 21.73 ± 8.95 U/l, P < 0.05). Second, the ADA enzyme level in serum was significantly higher in TB effusion (35.34 ± 7.02 vs. 17.69 ± 5.49 U/l, P < 0.05). The measurement of total ADA in pleural effusion (p-ADA) and serum (s-ADA) is an excellent method for differentiation of the tuberculous and nontuberculous effusions, and especially the measurement of the (p-ADA) level is a more specific test for differentiation of the TB and non-TB pleural effusion. Determination of ADA in pleural fluid and serum is an easy and economic procedure.
Gonchar A. A., Mikhailov A. N., Abelskaia I. S.
Radiological diagnosis of blood flow disturbances in the vertebral-basillar system at servical spine osteochondrosis. pp. 12--18
Summary: 600 series of vertebral angiography (7800 angiograms) in 210 patients (96 female and 114 male) at the age from 18 till 70 years were made by vertebral digital subtractional angiography. Examinations were made on the base of Minsk Hospital N5. Except vertebral angiography, both bilateral carotid angiography was made, which allowed a full estimation of brain and collateral blood circulation. For processing of the obtained data we have used the developed by us special software. We revealed static changes in (89.04 ± 2.15%), a decrease in the height of the disc space and inspissation in (64.76 ± 3.29%), sclerosis of vertebral endplates in (71.42 ± 3.11%), exostosis of anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments in (62.38 ± 3.34%), angular deformation of vertebral bodies in (24.28 ± 2.95%). The developed method of vertebral digital subtractional angiography of right hemisphere and extracranial vessels disturbances has allowed us to increase information from our diagnosis intervention by 25% (P < 0.005).
Komissarova S. M.
Prospects of using the analysis of heart rhythm variability in clinical practice. pp. 19--25
Summary: The heart rhythm variability (HRV) research using a possibility for cardiovascular complications risk cardiosurgical intervention assessment objectivisation in addition to the common score system EUROSCORE is being discussed. The determination of heart rhythm adaptation reserves in clinical conditions with quantitative assessment of their evidence for medical profilactic measures effectiveness objectivisation has been proposed.
Soroka N. E., Zybalova T. S.
Soluble receptors P55 of tumor necrosis alpha factor for patients suffering from chronic heart failure and cardiac cachexia manifestations. pp. 26--31
Summary: The levels of the soluble receptors of the tumor necrosis alpha factor, with their molecular mass being 55 kD (rTNF P55), were determined in the blood of 57 patients suffering from the coronary disease and arterial hypertension accompanied by functional class IV chronic heart failure (CHF FC IV) manifestations and the effect of Prednisolonum low doses on those levels was assessed. At the beginning of the observation and in 3--4 weeks of the treatment each patient had been performed the standard echocardiographic examination. The patients were divided initially into two groups: the first group included 33 patients with their body mass being preserved and the second one was formed of 24 persons having cardiac cachexia manifestations. A significant increase of the rTNF P55 concentrations was registered for the persons suffering from the coronary disease complicated by congestive CHF FC IV The highest blood serum rTNF P55 concentrations were revealed in the persons suffering from the coronary disease accompanied by the cardiac cachexia manifestations. A direct correlation between the rTNF P55 concentrations and the left ventricle final diastolic volumes as well as a reciprocal correlation between the left ventricle output fraction and the rTNF P55 blood concentrations increase were determined for both -- for the persons suffering from the coronary disease accompanied by CHF FC IV and for those lacking the cardiac cachexia manifestations. Prednisolonum (7.5 mg/day) addition to the standard therapy was shown to result in a reliable reduction of the blood serum rTNF P55 in the persons having CHF FC IV by 51.6% in the case of the body mass preserved and by 61.6% under cardiac cachexia.
Kraskovsky G. V., Terpinskaja T. I.
Effect of cyclophosphamide, timalin and tactivin on the rate of the tumor growth and the quantity of immune complexes and tumor antigens in the mice -- bearers of Erlich's ascites carcinoma serum. pp. 32--38
Summary: It is established that the administration of cyclophosphamide (CP) before Erlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) transplantation, timalin or tactivin after EAC results in the tumor growth suppression in mice. EAC growth suppression was revealed to a great extent at CP administration before and tactivin after tumor transplantation of immunomodulators in comparison with separate administration of these preparations. The CP and timalin sinergistic action was not shown. The tumor growth occurred at an increased quantity of immune complexes in serum. The content of immune complexes may be used as a marker of the tumor growth rate and medicinal effect of immunomodulators. Free tumor antigens content increased in accordance with the tumor weight.
Slyshenkov V. S., Shevalye A. A., Moiseenok A. G.
Protective effects of lipoic acid under oxidative damage to synaptosomis. pp. 39--42
Summary: The influence of a-lipoic acid on parameters of the glutathione redox system of the rat brain synaptosomis and the synaptosomal membrane functional state under the activation of free radical processes in vitro was investigated. The incubation with a-lipoic acid prevented the decrease of a reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio, the inhibition of glutathione reductase and transferase, the shift in the membrane protein thiol-disulfide balance and a total phospholipids/cholesterol ratio evoked by the Fenton reaction. Lipoic acid treatment under the block of glutathione synthesis by buthionine sulfoximine was ineffective. The results obtained provide the evidence for protective properties of a-lipoic acid under the oxidative injury of neuronal membrane and for the regulatory influence of the glutathione system on the structural and functional state of the synaptosomal membrane.
Wolf S. B., Zverinsky I. V.
Comparative estimation of the action of different complex antitubercular treatment methods on the drug-metabolizing function of the liver of guinea-pigs. pp. 43--45
Summary: It was found that the simultaneous administration of isoniazid and rifampicin at a dose of 10 mg/gk, intramuscular for 60 days causes the activation of the monooxygenase system of the guinea-pig liver. Administration of isoniazid (10 mg/kg), rifampicin (10 mg/kg), pyracinamide (25 mg/kg), ethambutol (25 mg/kg) and streptomycine sulfate (16 mg/kg) at once, intramuscular, for 60 days had no effect on cytochrome P450-dependent oxygenases. A substantial falling of cytosolic glutathione-S-transferase was observed both in the first and second cases.
Poleschuk N. N., Rubanik L. V., Kapitulets N. N., Andrushyna T. V., Kapitulets S. P., Chvoric D. E.
Antibody genenis to heat shock protein-60 of Chlamydia trachomatis in experimental intravaginal chlamydia infection. pp. 46--50
Summary: Cultural, biological and immunogenic properties of C. trachomatis MT-2A strain (serovar D) have been investigated. It is shown that the reproduction of the agents at a titer of 5.5 lg TCD50/ ml (tissue cytopathic doze) caused an infection in laboratory animals by intra vaginally inoculation. The infection process was accompanied by the production of antibodies to heat shock protein-60 of C. trachomatis (max titer was 1:320). The role of HSP60 C. trachomatis in the pathogenesis of the urogenital chlamydial infection was discussed.
Michalenko E. P., Chakova N. N., Palanetskaya S. N., Chebotareva N. V., Zilko A. A., Krupnova E. V.
Cytogenetic changes in peripheral blood lymphocytes of lung cancer patients. pp. 51--54
Summary: Cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes was conducted in 92 non-small-celled lung cancer patients using a micronuclear test in vivo.
Significant differences in the rate of the mutation process and the cell lethal effect were detected in peripheral blood lymphocytes of lung cancer patients as compared with nonsmoking healthy individuals. No significant differences in cytogenetic indices were revealed in lymphocytes of lung cancer patients and smoking healthy people. It can be supposed that smoking healthy people with a high level of cells with micronuclei and apoptosis signs form a risk group for emerging oncologic pathology.
Tropnikova G. K., Korik E. O., Antonova M. V., Semak I. V., Kulchitsky V. A.
Effect of exogenous melatonin on the serotonin content in the rat brain and the functional activity of hepatic mitochondria. pp. 55--60
Summary: In chronic experiments on rats it was found that exogenous melatonin (0.5 mg/g, i. p., 7 days) increased the content of serotonin in the thalamus and midbrain and, conversely, decreased it in the parietal cortex, cerebellum, and ventromedial medulla oblongata. It markedly increased the concentration of 5-HIAA in the parietal cortex, hypothalamus, striatum, thalamus and decreased it in the midbrain, cerebellum, and dorsomedial medulla. The differential effect of exogenous melatonin on the serotonergic activity in the higher regulatory centers for somatic and autonomic functions was accompanied by a rise in the pain threshold (hot plate), a fall in the O2 consumption and CO2 production, as well as by a two-fold accumulation of melatonin in hepatic mitochondria and decrease in the activity of cytochrome P450 in hepatocytic microsomes.
Gres N. A., Rudenko E. V., Sokol V. P.
Microelement toxicopathy in children and teenagers of Belarus: the frequency and the character of disorders. pp. 61--68
Summary: The evaluation of the content of the toxic microelements (lead, cadmium, tin, mercury, aluminium, strontium and arsenic) in children and teenagers of Belarus by the method of nuclear emission spectrometry of hair revealed the increasing of the "level of preoccupation" for lead and cadmium in more than 1/3 of the examined persons. The main cause for it according to the data of the questioning is the decreasing of the quality of life (smoking, diet disorders, etc.). The content of toxic microelements such as arsenic, mercury and tin in examined people is minimal and doesn't influence the disorders of the processes of adaptation. It is necessary to emphasize the problem of the high content of aluminium as the actual problem that requires a further research.
Likhachev S. A., Nechipurenko N. I., Vasilevskaja L. A.
Speckle-optical estimation of microhaemodynamic disturbances in patients with discirculation encephalopathy. pp. 69--73
Summary: The state of dermal microhaemodynamics (MHD) in healthy persons and patients with discirculation encephalopathy (DE) -- chronic brain ischemia was investigated. The functional state of dermal MHD was studied at symmetrical points of temple, mammiform appendix and occiput by the speckle-optical method.
It is established that the spectral power increasing, the average fluctuation frequency and asymmetry factor decreasing characterizing the microvasculature capacity, which displays the development of compensatory processes in patients with a more favourable form of DE and atherosclerotic group, are registered. The worsening of dermal MHD in patients with a more unfavourable course of DE and a mixed form of DE (atherosclerotic and hypertensive group) is revealed.
Tolkach Ye. A., Assanovich M. A.
Evaluation of the ego-function in patients with somatized disorders. pp. 74--79
Summary: The results on the ego-functions of patients with somatized discorders are studied using the Amnion I-structural test based on the concepts of G. Amnion dynamic psychiatry is presented. The main disorders of the central I-functions of patients with somatized disorders are revealed. Based on the results obtained, the trends of psychiatry for treating patients with somatized disorders are set.
Belugin S. N., Belugina O. S., Mifflin S. W.
Features of non-inactivating potassium currents at cAMP dialysis of NTS neurons of renal-wrap hypertensive rats. pp. 80--85
Summary: Whole-cell patch clamp of NTS neurons with intracellular cAMP dialysis (0.1 mM) was used. The blocking effect of cAMP dialysis on non-inactivating delayed rectifier potassium currents was observed in neurons dissociated from NTS of both normotensive rats (NT) and rats with renal-wrap hypertension (HT). At cAMP dialysis the time constant of the potassium currents rise was slower in neurons HT rats (19.2 ± 2.4 ms, n = 18) than NT ones (13.2 ± 1.0 ms, n = 32, P = 0.006). The observed changes in the non-inactivating potassium currents after cAMP dialysis of NTS neurons suggest a role of the cAMP-dependent phosphorylation in modulating effects on voltage-gated potassium conductances and probably increasing excitability of NTS neurons especially at hypertension.
Melnichenko N. G.
Activity of cytochrome P450-dependent and flavin-containing monooxygenases of the rat liver after administration of thiamine and its derivatives. pp. 86--92
Summary: The effect of thiamin and its derivatives on the activity of microsomal rat liver monooxygenase system is studied. It is found that thiamine administration (101 mg/kg /day, i. p., for 6 days) reduces the activity of NADPH-cytochrome C reductase, methanol O-demethylase and the content of cytochrome b5. Benfothiamin administration (115 mg/kg/day, intragastricaly, for 6 days) causes the activation of microsomal NADPH-oxidase and flavin-containing monooxygenase (substrate imipramine). Thiochrome injection (25 mg/kg/day, i. p., for 6 days) results in the inhibition of the microsomal NADH-dependent electron-transport chain, ethylmorphine N-demethylase and a considerable activation of flavin-containing monooxygenases (substrates imipramine, trimethylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline) of the rat liver microsomal fraction.
Lapsha I. V., Yakubovski S. V.
Changes in the hepatocyte ultrastructure in acute experimental cholecystitis pp. 93--97
Summary: Ultrastructural alterations of guinea pig hepatocytes in acute experimental cholecystitis are studied, as well as a possibility of their correction by administration of antioxidant and antihypoxant medicine Mexidol.
It is established that the development of acute cholecystitis is accompanied by marked destructive and dystrophic alterations of hepatocytes. Administration of Mexidol decreases the intensity of destructive alterations in hepatocytes of experimental animals, ensures the prevalence of adaptive changes, increasing signs of intracellular regeneration.
Leonovich E. I., Lavinsky H. H.
Dynamics of the changes in the alimentary status of patients with acute pancreatitis. pp. 98--101
Summary: The state of real diet and dynamics of the diet status of patients with acute pancreatitis is studied at different stages of treatment in hospital. It is found that the patients during the first 3--4 days of hospital treatment are in the state of complete starvation and during the next 5--8 days -- at the incomplete starvation state. Thus, the need for nutrients and energy are satisfied mainly due to endogenetic reserves of nutrients. Dynamics of the parameters of the diet status is characterized by the syndrome of hypermetabolism -- hypercatabalism that is accompanied by a negative nitrogeneous balance.
Surkova L. K., Skryahina E. M., Hurevich G. L., Shpakovskaya N. S., Diusmikeeva M. I.
Production of cytokines in patients with progressive multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. pp. 102--107
Summary: We studied the cytokine production (IL-1a, IL-1b, IL-8, IL-10, IL-4, TNFa, IFNg, IL-1Ra, G-CSF) in bronchoalveolar lavages of resected lung in 41 patients with progressive multi-drug resistant tuberculosis compared with a simultaneous study of cytokine status in peripheric blood. We revealed significant activation of local synthesis IL-1a (P > 0.05), IL-8 (P < 0.05), IL-1Ra (P > 0.05), TNFa (P < 0.05), G-CSF (P < 0.01) as compared with blood.
We determined a reliable link of system and local cytokine dysfunction (IL-1a, IL-8, IFNg, TNFa, P < 0.05) with morphologic indices of pulmonary tuberculosis progression and reactivation of process in inflammation foci by development of destructive affections and perifocal exudative reaction; specific affection of all the bronchi; lymphohematogenic tubercle dissemination and activation of local immune reaction which testified the involving of cytokine net to the mechanism of progression of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. Peculiarities of local and system cytokine production determined the character and rates of tuberculosis inflammation progression.
SURVEYS
Mitkovskaya N. P., Grigorenko E. A., Avdei L. L.
Modern opportunities of early diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with metabolic syndrome. pp. 108--114
Summary: Many questions regarding CAD risk and pathophysiology, and optimal treatment of MS have been discussed in recent years. The last ten years have been characterized by an increase in metabolic syndrome cases both in the whole world and in Belarus. Routine clinical measurement of these markers for diagnosis and management of the syndrome is not currently recommended. Today the metabolic syndrome is considered to play a leading role in a high risk of cardiovascular disease development and catastrophes. This syndrome was identified as a secondary target of coronary heart disease risk reduction. The goal of this research is the study of clinical features of manifestation and development of cardiovascular pathology in patients with metabolic syndrome in combination with verified diagnosis of ischemic heart disease.
A detailed study of anamnesis, clinical data, results of electrocardiography, echocardiography, bicycle test, coronary calcium score and laboratory analysis allow one to distinguish the features of clinical course in metabolic syndrome in the early stages of coronary artery disease development.
Venchikova N. A.
Congenital malformations of heart: modern approaches in prenatal echocardiography. pp. 115--121
Summary: In this review of literature there is information about epidemiology, etiology and pathogenethic classification of congenital heart diseases. The possibilities, effectiveness and accuracy of prenatal echocardiography, included B-mode, Doppler, fetal screening were analyzed by the existing reference materials. The material of outcome of structural heart disease, the impact of prenatal diagnosis on postnatal outcome were demonstrated.
SCIENTISTS OF BELARUS
In the memory of Academician Valeryi Nikolaevich Gurin. pp. 122--123
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