Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Medical Sci., 2007, No.3
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Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Medical Sci., 2007, No.3
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
(Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF MEDICAL SCIENCESPublished by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus |
Number 3, 2007
CONTENTS
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
Soroka N. E, Svirnovski A. I., Rekun A. L., Taras I. B., Sergienko T. F.
Clinical and prognostic importance of peripheral blood lymphocyte apoptosis indices in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. pp. 5--11
Summary: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and healthy controls (donors) were cultivated for 24 h in the presence (induced apoptosis) or absence (spontaneous apoptosis) of Dexamethasone, Leucladine (Cladribine), Cyclophosphamide and Fludarabine. Apoptotic lymphocyte percentage (absolute apoptotic index) and a relative apoptotic index were evaluated. It was noted that SLE lymphocytes demonstrated more accelerated spontaneous apoptosis in vitro than that in donors. In addition, the patients' PBMC spontaneous apoptosis level correlated with the disease activity. Compared with normal controls, the levels of the relative apoptotic index showed the lower sensibility of SLE mononuclear cells to the drugs in vitro. Lymphocytes of patients responded to treatment as well as of those with the non-severe SLE indicated the higher susceptibility to glucocorticoid and cytostatic agents in vitro. Thus, the study of the patients' PBMC apoptosis in vitro may be of value in selecting a more efficient medicine. Moreover, these results suggest that the relative apoptotic index may play a role in making the prognosis for treatment effectiveness.
Soltanov V. V., Sergeev V. A., Komarovskaya L. M.
Peculiarities of changes in the gut motility under exposure to different stimuli in conditions of experimental colitis. pp. 12--19
Summary: In acute experiments on rats, smooth muscle potentials of the stomach and the small intestine were recorded after colonic distention with a balloon, intraluminal administration of hydrocortisone, lipopolysaccharide or noradrenaline normally and during experimental colitis (after application of 4% acetic acid into the large intestine). Normally, the smooth muscle potentials after stimulation were inhibited. With colitis, opposite effects were observed, the amplitude of the potentials of the proximal gastrointestinal tract increased.
Tsyrus T. P., Prokhorova V. I., Kamyshnikov A. V., Lappo S. V., Yurevich N. V., Shishlo L. M.
Resiston correction of metabolic disorders in gastric cancer patients. pp. 20--25
Summary: The effect of the antioxidant drug resiston on metabolic disorders was studied in 76 operable gastric cancer patients. The values of lipid peroxidation (LP), an antioxidant system (AOS), conformational dynamic properties of serum albumin, and conventional biochemical blood indices were analysed on admission of patients to hospital and after the correcting therapy. For comparison, the blood of 60 clinically healthy persons was investigated. The study established that the therapeutic correction with resiston made in the preoperative period enabled one to avoid the antioxidant deficiency, to normalize the state of LP - AOS, to restore the albumin transport function and, owing to this, to facilitate the preservation of compensatory mechanisms for the organism defence against the peroxidation stress at further stages of antitumor treatment.
Lelevich S. V.
Dose-dependent effects of the acute alcohol administration on the liver glycolysis in rats. pp. 26--29
Summary: The changes observed in the liver glycolysis in rats depended upon a dose of ethanol. The most significant metabolic shifts were noted after severe alcohol intoxication (a dose of ethanol of 5 g/kg) and followed by the inhibition of the key glycolytic enzymes, and anaerobic glycolysis as well.
Surkova L. K., Skrahina A. M., Dziusmikeyeva M. I., Zalutskaya A. M.
Estimation of reparative processes and morphofunctional state of veolar macrophages in tuberculosis with multidrug resistance. pp. 30--35
Summary: Problems of tuberculosis recovery are studied taking into consideration a different state of mycobacterial population at different stages of tuberculous inflammation course, development of multidrug resistance and the phenomenon of drug resistance induction. In experiment on 45 guinea-pigs, some factors influence the course of reparative processes in tuberculosis.
It is shown that the long-term persistence of mycobacterial population in lung tissue, the violation of intercellular interaction in inflammation focus, the phagocytic insufficiency of alveolar macrophages are the factors negatively influencing the full value of the course of reparative processes in MDR tuberculosis.
Skugarevsky O. A.
Body weight deficiency in adolescent girls: causes and consequences. pp. 36--43
Summary: The cross-sectional method has been used to determine the peculiarities of the weight-related behaviour in 419 of 13--18 year old adolescent girls. The disordered eating behaviour has been assessed by Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) as well as the diet's adherence with taking into account BMI and body mass self-rating. It has been pointed out that the body mass normative deficiency is characteristic of adolescent girls and is aggravated during maturation and is apparently connected to the maladaptive body mass self-rating. It has been argumented that the dieting is not effective for controling the body mass. The dieting during adolescence can increase the mean BMI, its oscillation and severity of the disordered eating behaviour. Regular dieters are more disposed to the compulsive overeating (odds ratio = 3.54) in comparison with non-dieters. Disordered eating features have been revealed in more than 12% of sample (restrictive tendencies (EAT-26 ³20) -- 7.32%, binge eating (2 times per week and more) -- 4.86%).
Gonchar O. A.
Effect of the adaptive hypoxic actions on the state of the antioxidative system in the rat liver under immobilization. pp. 44--48
Summary: The intensity of lipid peroxidation, reduced and oxidized glutathione contents, activities of GSH-related and NADP-pro-duced enzymes were studied in the liver of rats exposed to two modes of intermittent hypoxia with different hypoxic exposition parameters. After adaptation to hypoxia, the rats were subjected to 6 h-immobilization. It has been shown that the moderate hypoxia action in contrast to stronger hypoxia during adaptive training enhances the tolerance of the liver glutathione an-tioxidative system to the stress influence, and this effect is kept for 45 days after hypoxic action cessation.
Krivenko S. I., Belevtsev M. V., Gapanovich V. N.
Regulation of expression of chemokin receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 of human peripheral blood neutrophilic leukocytes by polysaccharides of animal origin. pp. 49--51
Summary: Results of in vitro investigation of the abilities of substances of immunomodulatory drugs based on group-specific in ABO system polysaccharides of animal origin (fruglumin A and fruglumin B) to change the expression of receptors to IL-8 type I (CXCR1) and receptors to IL-8 type II (CXCR2) are presented. It has been shown that the drugs (fruglumin A and fruglumin B) influence the chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes mainly through the positive regulation of the expression of receptors to IL-8 type II (CXCR2), herewith fruglumin B has a more pronounced effect as compared to fruglumin A.
Venchikova N. A., Novikova I. V., Vilchuk K. U., Ulezko E. A.
Structure of congenital heart diseases detected by prenatal echocardiography. pp. 52--61
Summary: The aim of this study is to evaluate the structure, the age of pregnancy gestation, at which the congenital heart diseases of fetus have been detected. It is very important to analyze risk factors for performing prenatal echocardiography. Using this information, we can achieve the best in medical genetic counseling and prenatal echocardiography.
Smirnov V. Yu., Razvodovsky Yu. E., Doroshenko Ye. M., Naumov A. V., Sheibak V. M.
Effect of BCAA and taurine on the free amino acid pool of the rat liver under chronic alcohol intoxication. pp. 62--65
Summary: The aim of the work is to investigate the effect of intragastric administration of BCAA and taurine on the amino acid pool of the rat liver under chronic alcohol intoxication. It is found that the chronic ethanol intoxication leads to an imbalance in the pool of free amino acids in liver, manifesting itself in increasing the levels of threonine, lysine, proline, hydroxyproline and arginine. It is shown that the intragastric administration of BCAA and taurine prevents shifts in the levels of threonine, lysine and proline, the ratio of essential to nonessential amino acids, as well as in the urea cycle.
Belugina O. S., Belugin S. N.
Features of inactivating potassium currents at cAMP dialysis in the neurons of nucleus tractus solitarius. pp. 66--71
Summary: The dissociated NTS neurons with cAMP (0.1 mM) dialysis during the whole-cell patch clamp displayed a shifted rightward voltage of half-maximal conductance for inactivating potassium currents: from -43.8± 1.6 mV (n=25) to -39.2± 1.4 mV (n=32, P<0.035). Increasing the time constant for exponential decay of the inactivating potassium currents at cAMP dialysis was consistent with their increasing persistent noninactivating component. The simulated neuronal activity displayed shortened or extended delayed excitation after the voltage of half-maximal conductance for the inactivating potassium currents had been shifted rightward or their exponential decay time constant increased consequently. Modulation of the inactivating potassium currents in NTS neurons by cAMP suggests a role of cAMP dependent phosphorylation in regulating the excitability of NTS neurons.
Sidorenko V. N.
Morphometric peculiarities of platalets of pregnant women with gestosis. pp. 72--75
Summary: The leading element in the pathogenesis of gestosis has been shown -- it is platelet-endothelial dysfunction, morphometric marks of platelets are studied at the given pathology.
It was found that the growth of the functional activity of platelets matches changes in such morphometric parameters, which manifests itself in increasing the average volume of platelets and in the growth of anisocytosis.
Nechipurenko N. I., Pashkovskaya I. D., Vasilevskaya L. A.
Influence of intravenous laser irradiation of blood on metabolic and functional disorders in experimental ischemia of the rat brain. pp. 76--82
Summary: The influence of intravenous laser irradiaton of blood (ILIB) with a He-Ne laser and a combination of ILIB with pirace-tam on the rate of tissue respiration in the brain cork, parameteres of cerebral microgemodynamics (MGD), the hydroion balance in the rabbit organism when modelling the local ischemia of brain has been studied experimentally.
It has been shown that the local ischemia of brain causes the disturbance of the respiration activity and MGD of brain cork structures, the formation of edema and the ionic disbalance in the brain structures, the decreasing of K+ concetration in the ischemic brain region. A positive influence of preventive use of ILIB on the tissue respiration and processes of MGD in the ischemic brain region in 2 hours has been established after the reconstruction of blood circulation in the common carotid arteries. Application of the course only of ILIB or ILIB with piracetam contributes to the normalization of cerebral MGD parameters and the essential dehydratation of the brain structure by the 5th day of the postischemic period. A decreased concentration of ions, especially of K+ is kept, which proves a close connection of hydro- and ionic metabolism.
Thereby, ILIB provokes the marked dehydrating effect and helps to normalize microhemocirculation processes. It allows one to consider that the use of only ILIB or ILIB with piracetam is substantiated pathogenetically in the local ischemia of brain.
Tschoudakov O. P., Luneva L. A.
Use of oxycelanim in filling bone-defects of maxillary sinus anterior wall. pp. 83--87
Summary: The study has been conducted to research the clinical effectiveness of the medication oxycelanim in filling bone-defects of the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus in the course of treatment of chronic acute odontogenic maxillitis, radicular maxillary bone cysts invading the maxillary sinus. As confirmed by the results, the medication oxycelanim serves as a barrier membrane which provides the liquid and nutrient transport, inhibits epithelial and conjunctive-tissue invasion into the bone defect, promotes the bone-defect regenerative process. Due to its marked antiinflammatory and antibacterial action in the traumatic process affecting the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus, the application of oxycelanim prevents the development of postoperative complications and facilitates the postoperative period. The medication has good endurance and has no local and general side effects.
Fedorovich S. V., Polevechko G N., Arsenteva N. L., Dojlido I. L., Arsenteva I. L.
Cytotoxic test in the food allergy diagnosis. pp. 88--94
Summary: Using the cytotoxic test 20 patients were examined for diagnosis of food allergy.
The morphological performance of different phases of food allergy is presented and a circle of food products most often causing the cultivation of leucocytes is specified. Specificity of clinical manifestations at intolerance of food products is analyzed.
SURVEYS
Prokhorova V. I., Frantova S. V., Derzhavets L. A.
Changes in the hemostatis system during the growth of malignant tumor. pp. 95--99
Summary: The disorders in the hemostasis system during the malignant tumor growth are one of the reasons for thrombotic complications and mortality in the course of special treatment of cancer patients. Venous thrombosis of lower extremities is in some cases an early manifestation of a malignant tumor growth. A direct effect of tumor metabolites, in particular cancer proco-agulant, on the hemostasis system components, a systemic inflammatory response, lipid peroxidation are pathogenetic mechanisms of impairments in the blood coagulation system. Plasma hemostasis components and platelets also participate in the process of invasion and metastasizing of tumor cells.
Sokolnik V. P.
SMN-gene: structure, expression and functions. pp. 100--106
Summary: On the basis of the analysis of the available publications on the cellular functions of the survival motor neuron gene products and their role in the spinal muscular atrophy development it is established that SMN is an essential component in the formation of different RNP particles. However, the specific role of separate isoforms of this protein in neurons is still unclear. A detailed understanding of such functions and biological consequence of their deficiency may provide a therapeutic tool for some neurodegenerative disorders.
Abramenko M. E.
Development of medical science in BSSR (1921--1941). pp. 107--114
Summary: The article highlights upon the development of medical science in Belarus in the stated period of time. It characterizes briefly the organizational efforts of the Public Health Committee (Narkomzdrav), the government of the BSSR in the development of a system of Soviet medicine. The article describes the process of the development of a material base for research, characterizes research institutions. It tells about scientists - organizers of medical science who contributed greatly to its development. The article analyzes the foreign relationships of Belarusian scientists with foreign partners, the role of mass media in the distribution of medical knowledge and the influence of science on the activity of health care within the framework of the whole of medicine.
Lelevich V. V.
Current state of art in experimental studies of drug addiction. pp. 115--123
Summary: Different experimental models of drug addiction are presented and their analysis is made. The role of the concept of support is specified as a methodological basis of drug addiction modeling. The neurochemical and other metabolical disturbances in tissues evoked by drug addiction are discribed. Possibilities and perspectives of drug addiction research are discussed.
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Created with assistance of Dr. Ignatii I. Korsak
Copyright © 2007 The National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Copyright © 2007 The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House
