Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Humanitarian Sciences, 2001, No.1

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Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Humanitarian Sciences, 2001, No.1

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
(Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF HUMANITARIAN SCIENCES
Published by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus

Number 1, 2001

PHILOSOPHY AND SOCIOLOGY

Yermalovich D. V.
Cognition as modelling of reality. pp. 5--11

Summary: Research of the dynamics of cognitive process from the point of methodology, reflexion and consciousness provides the opportunity to see historical and logical transformation of epistemological relations between subject and object of cognition. It is affirmed that modeling method accompanies and defines proper scientific cognitive level. And cognition, as a whole, is regarded as modeling of reality accessible for a subject, in other words, subject's active cognitive activity rises from the attempts of modeling on the ordinary conscious level to the "working", process scientific modeling and it aspires to the universal and creative modeling of a reality.

Gal V. I.
Impact of personal motivation on generation of ecological consience. pp. 12--19

Summary: The problems of functioning and formation of ecological consciousness at the level of different social groups are considered in the article. Recommendations to seek for optimum variants of upbringing personals ecological consciousness are suggested.

LAW

Perapyalitsa A. V.
Interaction of a person with state and society. pp. 20--27

Summary: Interaction of a person with stale and society is the sphere where the basis for personal legal status is laid. Different approaches to this problem and the concept of human rights and liberties are presented. The essence of individual rights and freedoms as reflection of existing civil demands requiring legal realization mechanism is analyzed. Priority of human rights in relations with the state is provided if the law is the basic legal instrument defining legal status of personality. The norms specifying competence of each power and managerial institution should be coordinated with the norms setting the limits of personal freedom. The necessity of broaden status of personality as a part in legal relations and to improve individual legal security is stressed. Person-slate interactions reveal the scope of human legal freedom and degree of harmony in their relations.

Samoyla V. G.
Securities as a form and object of civil legal transactions. pp. 28--34

Summary: The work deals with the conception of a bond as a legal civil transaction and its relation to civil deals in compliance with general postulates of civil doctrine and as legislation. Theoretical and applied problems of some structural corstituents of securities in terms of their validity are investigated.

Mah I. I.
State management in administrative law. pp. 35--40

Summary: The article is devoted to the relevant problem in sphere of legal science and practice: place and role of state management in administrative law. The author investigates the subject in progress and analyses the debating judgments of the scientists.

ECONOMICS

Busko V. M., Kazlowsky V. U., Kaverinskaya I. A.
Reflection of financial problems in economic concepts of Belarus in the twenties of XX century. pp. 41--46

Summary: Different viewpoints of contemporary economists on monetary reform in 1922--1924, credit, budget, tax policy during this liberalization period are analyzed. It is concluded that fiscal problems in the 20s were in the focus of economic research in Belarus and different solution strategies were suggested.

Pyka V. Ts.
Privatization and production efficiency. pp. 47--53

Summary: This article investigates effective changes of property relations in the Republic of Belarus. On the basis of the performed analysis the ways of raising the efficiency of current economic reforms are proposed.

Zhivitsa V. I.
Analysis of "Principies of communism" by F. Engels. pp. 54--58

Summary: It is shown that F.Engels describing in the paper "Principles of communisms" the type of new social-economic system and the national priority in potential transition to it, neglected 2 major laws: unity and opposition of counterparts and negation of negation.

HISTORY

Fraltsow U. V.
Belarusian-German relations in the last decade. pp. 59--62

Summary: The article traces main trends in Belarusian-German relations in the nineties. The special attention is given to the analysis of prospects for the bilateral cooperation of the Republic of Belarus and the Federal Republic of Germany within the framework of global changes of political situation in Europe.

Srogash T.
Health policy of the authorities in Grand Duchy of Lithuania during 1768--1794. pp. 63--68

Summary: Attempts were made at modernizing hospital management in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the years 1763--1794. However, bills ons passed by the seyms were not brought into effect, despite nomination of the Hospital committee chaired by bishop Masalski since 1775. State authorities resumed interest in the problem of hospital management during the Grand Sejm in 1788--1792.

ART STUDIES, ETHNOGRAPHY, FOLKLORE

Mikulich T. M.
Ethnic phenomenon inworls of L.Gumilev. pp. 69--72

Summary: Lev N.Gumilev's theory of ethnos is the problem of this article. His opinion about the energetic initiative of extraordinary individuals to induce the acceptance of innovative stereotypes of conduct by whole populations and to create a new ethnos is criticized by author. The role of environment in life of ethnic groups, ethnos time linnits and other aspects of Gumilev's teaching are considered in the article.

Kuharonak T. I.
Disguise and masks in Christmas rites of Belarusians. pp. 73--78

Summary: The article is devoted to analysis of disguising and masking in Christmas ritual of Belarusians in XIX -- beginning of XX century. Semantics, functions, role and place of masking in carnival activity and belarusian folk art are analyzed. The ritual "antibehavior" of disguised at Kolady (Christmas) is characterized.

Shastilowskaya K. U.
Rural songs of S.Manyushka and J.Chachot. pp. 79--82

Summary: Vocal heritage of S.Manyushko is plentiful and stylistically unique. Musical interpretation of the poetry is characterized by deep penetration into verse structure and rhythm. Lyrics of Rural songs is based on Polish versions of Belarusian folklore translated by J.Chachot. Musical compositions generally follow European romantic-classical upgraded with Slavic melodic tones. The audience is impressed by gentle retaining of style, spirit and images of the original.

Zhivushka G. F.
Christianity in Belarusian spiritual culture. pp. 83--86

Summary: Revealed features of religious Belorussians were: reserved, not fanatical, faith; "spontaneous" belief, put through the mind, deep, not showy; ability to be thankful to God; strict holding of fasts; deep religious ness coexisted with numerous rituals of white magic. Elements of pagan. Belife in God were "muscle power", one of the pivots in system of spiritual culture.

LITERARY STUDIES

Zenava G. M.
Modern anti-hero in Belarusian short story. pp. 87--93

Summary: Modern anti-hero in Belarusian short story of 1980--1990s is a very picturesque type and an extraordinary, many-sided, intricate personality. The concept of anti-hero is vague and relative. Even being condemned for having deviated from the generally accepted moral standards, either consciously or unconsciously, this anti-hero should be comprehended by the author, no matter how strange and antipathetic he is to the author himself. In present day short stories the writers aim to analyse the social and moral processes promoting this negative type of consciousness. Literature repudiating certain human qualities, ideas, aspirations helps the reader to understand the true values and affirms them.

Skarapanava I. S.
"Catastrophism" of Mikalay Isaev. pp. 94--97

Summary: The article analyzes the story by Nicolay Isayev "Catastrophism". It interprets a new post-modernistic history conception. The story is regarded as an example of paraliterature that combines two languages of culture -- the language of literature and language of science, which provides possibility via simouliacres to reflect post-historical and antianthropocentrical impressions of the post-modernistic ic epoch. Wide use of cultural symbols and codes, parody and mixing of historical times distinguish this story.

Supey N. A.
P.Verlain's poetry translations by M.Bagdanovich. pp. 98--104

Summary: The characteristic features of creative manner of M.Bogdanovich as translator of P.Verlain's poetry are considered. The context-sensitive philological analysis of the texts from first and closing poems in cycle of translations of the Byelorussian poet is used.

LINGUISTICS

Perahodka S. S.
Personal nominations denoted by nouns in 19 century fiction. pp. 105--112

Summary: Formation of lexical units signifying person and denoted by nouns, in language of XIX century fiction are examined.Wordbilding categories of personal nominations of the mutational and modificational origin are pointed out. The grammatic construction models of nouns meaning person are determined.

Zankavich A. R.
Proper Belarusian words in technical terminology. pp. 113--119

Summary: Modern technical terminology has various sources of replenishment. Properly Belarusian terms hold a relatively modest place. Now terminology lends towards internationalization. International terms require systematic approach so that their grammatical forms could fit into existing language models.

Shakun N. S.
Analysis of morphological system in "The story of monk Martin". pp. 120--123

Summary: The article contains results of language morphological analysis. Two editions of the "Slovo o Martine mnice" ("Sermon about monk Martin") which continue cyrillic-methodian tradition were compared. The text dates back to the 60-70s of XII century and is referred to the original literary manuscripts of the old Turau Land.

SCIENTISTS OF BELARUS

Yarmalinskaya V.M.
Uladimir Ivanavich Nyafyod (To 85th anniversary). pp. 124--125
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Lysenka A.F.
Ivan Pyatrovich Shamyakin (To 80th anniversary). pp. 126--127
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Pikulik A.M.
Georgy Georgievich Paplawsky (To 70th anniversary). pp. 128--130
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Rusetskaya V.I., Kunouskaya L.P.
Yawgeny Mihailavich Babosaw (To 70th anniversary). pp. 131--133
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Kavalenka V.A.
Mihail Iosifavich Mushinsky (To 70th anniversary). pp. 134--135
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Semyankow V.I.
Viktar Ivanavich Shabailaw (To 70th anniversary). p. 136
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