Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Chemical Sci., 2004, No.3
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Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Chemical Sci., 2004, No.3
| Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
(Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF CHEMICAL SCIENCESPublished by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus |
Number 3, 2004
CONTENTS
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Eshchenko L. S., Salonikov V. A.
Hydrolysis of basic ferric (III) sulphate in hydrothermal conditions. pp. 5--9
Summary: Influence of temperature and ratio FeOHSO4 : H2O onto a degree and velocity of hydrolytic transformation of basic ferric sulphate has been studied. It has been shown that intermediate products of hydrolytic transformation are basic ferric sulphates Fe(OH)1.1--1.9 (SO4)0.9--0.55 0.85 -- 0.95H2O. It has been stated that a-Fe2O3 formation period in the system FeOHSO4 : H2O is 15--25 hours at temperature 140--200 °C.
Dormeshkin O. B., Vorobev N. I., Novic D. M., Cherches G. X.
Influence of urea content onto solubility of components in the K+, NH+4//Cl-, NO3- -H2O system. pp. 10--15
Summary: It has been stated that introduction of urea essentially influences to solubility in a system K+, NH+4 //Cl-, NO-3 -- H2O. Conclusion about increase of an area of potassium nitrate crystallization field has been done on a base of analysis of the solubility diagrams constructed on the experimental data. This fact is of great technological importance because of it allows to predict increase of a yield of the main product -- potassium nitrate at a conversion method of its obtaining at a presence of urea.
COLLOID CHEMISTRY
Komarov V. S., Repina N. S., Ratko A. I.
Influence of activated agent onto properties of natural adsorbents. pp. 16--19
Summary: Activated action of a calcium hydroxide at a presence of inorganic salts onto clay minerals (montmorillonite, caolinite) has been considered. It has been shown that CaO together with chloride and together with sulphate and phosphate of sodium gives high sorption capacity to obtained adsorbents. Analogical results have been obtained at neutralization of after-activation solution of sulphuric or phosphorus acids. Explanation of action named activating substances promoted remarkable enhancing of sorption capacity and specific surface of the synthesized porous substances has been done. Preferences and perspectives of alkaline activation of clays and clay minerals to compared with their acid activation has been indicated.
Ratko A. L, Romanenkov V. E., Bolotnikova E. V., Krupenkina Zh. V.
Adsorption-structural properties of porous composite ceramics obtained by hydrothermal synthesis from powder components. pp. 20--25
Summary: Absorption-structural properties of block composite high-porous ceramics obtained on a base of aluminum powder ASD-1 and powder industrial adsorbents(zeolites NaA, NaX, NaY and active aluminum oxide) in hydro-thermal condition at 100 °C have been investigated. It has been shown that high values of adsorption-structural characteristics depend on structure and properties of industrial adsorbents mainly. Role of aluminum powder is in combinating of powder components to connected-dispersed solid at hydro-thermal synthesis.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Matveiko N. P., Braikova A. M.
Determination of chromium in food products by a method of inversion voltammetry. pp. 26--29
Summary: Conditions of inversion-voltammetry determination of chromium using voltammetry analyzer ABA-1 type connected with computer IBM PC have been studied. It has been stated that optimal base electrolyte for chromium detection is 2M NaOH solution, and optimal potential of chromium accumulation as Cr(OH)3 is (- 1400 mV). It has been elaborated a project of the method.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Krutsko E. N., Kulak A. I.
Photochemical decomposition of trichloroacetic acid. pp. 30--33
Summary: The regularities of a direct photolysis of trichloroacetic acid solutions in water under UV irradiation have been investigated. It has been performed that if trichloroacetic acid solutions are irradiated by UV-rays (full spectrum of medium pressure mercury lamp) a process of the direct photolysis dominate over photocatalytic processes. The main products of a destruction of this substance are hydrochloric acid and carbon dioxide.
Telushchenko E. A., Kopylovich M. N., Baev A. K.
Integral constants of a cohydrolysis of chromium (III) and cations of bivalent 3d-metals. pp. 34--38
Summary: Integral constants of the cohydrolysis of Cr3+ at a presence of Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ ions have been determined based on the potentiometric titration data. A stability of formed hydroxopolymers depending on system composition has been evaluated using mentioned constants. It has been established that heteronuclear particles formed on the initial stage of a hydrolysis in the Cr3+ -- Ni2+ system are comparable on their stability with homopolynuclear Cr3+ -ions analogs.
Volkova E. S., Roganov G. N., Pisarev P. N., Emelyanenko V. N., Garist I. V.
Thermodynamic properties of some derivates of cyclopropane. pp. 39--46
Summary: Thermodynamic properties of 17 compounds of cyclopropane row in ideal-gaseous condition have been defined according to molecular and spectrum data in a range from 298.15 to 1000 K.
Blokhin A. V., Kabo A. G., Shymanovich M. P., Bazyleva A. B., Charapennikau M. B.
Determination of heat capacities and enthalphies of phase transitions of organic substances by DSC. pp. 47--51
Summary: Heat capacities of l'-hydroxybicyclohexyl-2-on in a range from 5 to 370 K, 1-bromadamantane in a range from 6 to 430 K and adamantanone in a range from 6 to 610 K have been measured by adiabatic calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, and thermodynamic parameters of their phase transitions in the condensed state have been determined. New construction of the differential scanning calorimeter has been proposed and procedure of its calibration has been improved for decreasing systematic errors. The improvements have been verified by comparison of the results of the both methods. Standard thermodynamic functions of tested substances in condensed state have been calculated from the experimental data.
Poddenezhny E. N., Boiko A. A.
Influence of thermo-treatment onto silica system structure changing at a glass synthesis by sol-gel method. pp. 52--56
Summary: Dependences of linear shrinkage of xerogels with temperature in a range from 60 to 1300 °C have been studied. Probable mechanism of xerogels compaction at every stage of sintering process has been considered. It has been shown that when filler concentration increases in a sol-gel system the finish vitrification temperature increases too (from 980 °C -- for alkoxyde sample, and before 1300 °C -- for aerosil sample).
Karpushenkov S. A., Shchukin G. L., Belanovich A. L., Savenko V. P., Sviridov D. V.
Microarc anodization of mild steel in a sodium aluminate solution. pp. 57--60
Summary: Peculiarities of an action of electrochemical plasma onto electrodes consisted of mild steel being in a contact with water solution of sodium aluminate have been studied. It has been stated that dense ceramic-like coating of a-Al2O3 is formed on a surface of steel electrode at a range of plasma anodization voltages from 260 V (sparking onset voltage) to 340 V (generation of colloid alumina occurs at this steady discharge voltage).
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Bezborodov V. S., Kauhanka M. M., Lapanik V. L
Synthesis of liquid-crystal 3,4-disubstituted furoxanes. pp. 61--64
Summary: Synthesis of new furoxane derivates possessed liquid crystalline properties has been done. This method involved dimeri-zation of nitrile oxide V with following hydrolysis to corresponding diphenol VII. Further esterification with various acids gives desired compounds IXa-f. Temperatures of phase transitions of these substances have been reported.
Gaponik P. N., Andreeva T. N., Naumenko V. N., Ivashkevich O. A.
Synthesis of complex compounds of l-vinyl-5-methyltetrazole with copper (II) salts. pp. 65--69
Summary: The data on synthesis and some properties of complex compounds of l-vinyl-5-methyltetrazole with copper(II) chloride, perchlorate and tetrafluoreborate are presented. l-Vinyl-5-methyltetrazoIe is shown to form a complex with the ratio metal:ligand = 1:1 with copper(II) chloride, whereas in the cases of copper perchlorate and tetrafluoreborate the maximal number of coordinated ligands does not exceed 4. On the basis of the data of IR-spectroscopy, the assumption on a structure of the considered complexes is stated.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Sviridov O. V., Martinovich V. P.
Chemical modeling of biosynthesis and classic reactions of organic chemistry in a synthesis of thyroid hormones (review). pp. 70--79
Summary: Methods of a synthesis of thyroid hormones developed in order to model their "in vivo" biosynthesis and using classical reactions of organic chemistry have been considered in the review. We discuss possible mechanisms of a reaction of condensation of substituted phenols and other aromatic structures which lead to formation of the diphenyl ether bond as a base structural element of thyroid hormones.
Andrianov A. M.
Conformation al NHR-analysis of HIV-Haiti immunodominant epitope. pp. 80--88
Summary: 3D structure of the HIV-Haiti immunodominant epitope has been computed in terms of NMR spectroscopy data using the theoretical procedure including a probabilistic approach in conjunction with the molecular mechanics algorithms and quantum chemical methods. The immunogenic crown of the virus protein gp120 is shown to form in solution the prevalent conformation whose geometric parameters match a double b-turn IV-IV. It has been shown that two structures observed in a crystal are in the ensemble of the best-energy conformations of the HIV-Haiti principal neutralizing epitope. The following conclusion was drawn from the comparative analysis of simulated structures with the ones computed previously for the HIV-Thailand and HIV-MN isolates: the immunogenic tip of gp120 gives rise to the similar spatial backbone forms in different HIV-1 strains but has some inherent conformational flexibility of its individual amino acid residues. The differences in local fragment structures revealed in three HIV-1 isolates are supposed to be important for the specificity of its binding with antibodies.
TECHNICAL CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
Maiko L. P., Drebenkova I. V., Tsaryuk T. Ya.
Conservation oil on a base of alternative protective components. pp. 89--94
Summary: Conservation oil of moderate viscosity Belakor AN-T has been designed on a base of republican raw materials. It meets the needs of modem requirements, it consist as a basis of combination of high- and low-viscosity oils and as a combined corrosion inhibitor -- alternative protective components of adsorption-hemosorption and shielding action mechanism.
Kosandrovich E. G., Soldatov V. S.
Sorption of ammonia from air by fibrous suffocation exchanger FIBAN K-1. pp. 95--98
Summary: Sorption capacity of fiber cation exchanger FIBAN K-1 (H+-form) from dilute air mixtures to ammonia (C0 = 17 mg/m3) has been investigated under various thickness of fibrous layer (3--9 mm) and relative humidity of air (7.5 -- 52%).
Thickness of working layer of this material is equal to 1.0 mm. The efficiency of purification don't depend on relative humidity of air in investigated interval.
Lipik V. T., Martsul V. N., Abadie M. J. M., Perichaud A.
Emission of dangerous substances at PVC composites thermo-destruction. pp. 99--104
Summary: Influence of gas phase composition, temperature and frequency rates of gas exchange during PVC thermo destruction has been determined. Change of given factors directs process of PVC destruction to pyrolysis or combustion and defines the composition of emission. Influence of phthalate on composition of PVC thermo destruction products has been established. It is in increasing of output of aromatic hydrocarbons and some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons including polychlorinaled dibensodioxiu and dibensofurans (PCDD and PCDF). PCDD and PCDF will dominate in emissions at burning of plasticizcd PVC according to thermodynamic calculation of possible reactions.
Levitskii I. A., Gailevich S. A., Prutkina N. I.
Influence of Al2O3 onto structural peculiarities of glasses Na2O-RO-B2O3-SiO2 system. pp. 105--108
Summary: Ambiguous influence of Al2O3 onto structural peculiarities of glasses depended on Al2O3 content and kind of cation RO has been stated. Al2O3 (5-7.5 wt%) promotes stabilization of vitrescence. Concentration of Al2O3 10 wt% is bounding: i. e. Al2O3 can exert both homogenizing action and to promote enhancing of phase separation in glasses.
Grechanikov A. V., Kovchur S. G., Lishtvan I. I., Platonov A. P.
Application of polyelectrolytes for a purification of industrial water formed at a thermal power station. pp. 109--111
Summary: Research of an influence of polyelectrolytes to a quality of purification of water formed at a thermal power station has been done. Polybenzyltrimethylammonium chloride and polyelectrolytes have been synthesized at the laboratory. Dependence of polye-lectrolyte viscosity on their concentration has been studied for estimation polyelectrolyte efficiency as coagulant. Optimal concentration of polyelectrolyte in a water is equal to 0.25%.
Masiuk S. V., Prokopch.uk N. R., Masiuk L. V.
Influence of coalescenting additions onto minimum temperature of pellicle formation of copolymer of vinyl acetate and dibutylmaleinate. pp. 112--115
Summary: Influence of coalescents chemical structure od a decrease of minimum temperature of pellicle formation of dispersion based on copolymer of vinylacetate and dibutylmaleinate have been examined.
Karpunin I. I., Kozlov N. G., Gorskii G. M. †
About nature of a bond of ligno-hydrocarbon complexes of flax wood. pp. 116--121
Summary: Presence of ether-, ester- and carbon-carbon bonds between compounds of lignine and hydrocarbons of wood part of flax straw has been stated.
SCIENTISTS OF BELARUS
Lesnikovich A.I., Lakhvich F.A., Makhnach A.A et al.
Anatoly Victorovich Kudelsky (To the 70th anniversary). pp. 122--123
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