Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Biological Sci., 2007, No.4

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi) SERIES OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Published by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus

Number 4, 2007

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CONTENTS

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ARTICLES

Reshetnikov V. N., Fomenko T. I., Berdichevets L. G., Maljush M. K.
Morphogenesis of long-term cultivated tobacco callus culture. pp. 5--9.

Summary: It was shown that the development of organogenesis in long-term cultivated tobacco calli culture depended on cultivation time, tissue origin and morphogenic potential level of passaged tissue line. The morphogenesis level correlated with peroxidase activity.

Kruchonok A. V.
Effect of presowing treatment of seeds by micro- and macroelements on growth, ontogenesis and medicinal value of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench). pp. 10--13.

Summary: From macro- and microelement solutions which are used in this investigation for presowing treatment of Echinacea purpurea seeds the 0.1% zinc sulphate solution is the most effective in stimulation of plant biomass increase and in promotion of hydroxy-cinnamic acids accumulation (these are a biological active substances of medicinal drags from Echinacea purpurea) as in overground so in underground parts of plants.

Holopuk G. A., Torchik V. I.
Definition of optimal terms of preparation of seed (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) in conditions of Belarus. pp. 14--17.

Summary: It is established that an effective way of increase of outlet of seed (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) is ripening seeds in cones, collected 10--15 days before full maturing.

Puchilo A. V.
The features of heat supply of the forest phytocenosises of Novogrudsk upland. pp. 18--26.

Summary: Novogrudskaya upland located in the western part of Belarus has in comparison with a number of bordering regions climatic and edapho-phytocenotical differences. During the warming of climate soils of the most widespread in conditions of upland orpine and bilberry types of a forest were characterized by insufficiently favorable temperature mode. In upper root-saturated layer (0--30 sm) the soil heated up above temperature of the beginning of intensive growth of roots (9 °C)only in the end of May, and in some years and in the middle of June. Probably, insufficient heat supply of forest plants in the beginning of the vegetative period, somewhat, defines an orientation and intensity of short-term and long variability in the vegetative cover, shown in reduction of the area of a broad-leaved and increase of darkconiferous and small-leaved forests.

Klimchik G. Y., Jefremov A. L.
Specifity of the influence of fires on biota of pine wood biogeocenoses. pp. 27--31.

Summary: The intensity of forest fires determines by some features of functioning of the soil microbiocenosees, where the enzymatic activity dissects the specificity of influence of the pyrogenic factor on biogenous of a forest floor and humic horizons of soil.

Ciganov A. R., Gordeev U. A.
Activation of transmembrane carry of water molecules in root cells by weak electric field. pp. 32--36.

Summary: In a view of the conception of a proton barrier and due to Peter Agr's discovery about the specialized water channels in a membrane, the transportation of water in root cells is represented as follows. The water channel is arranged in such a way when neither cations, nor anions can pass through it and pass through dipoles of water only changing the channel orientation dipole of the moment on the opposite one in the center of the channel. Forming a proton barrier the electric field action focusing along a membrane shifts protons aside from the entrance of the water channel, unblocking of the channel takes place and water goes to the root cells freely, as it was proved by us experimentally.

Pavlyuchuk N. V., Palilova A. N., Vlasova A. B., Shaban O. V., Radkovich E. V.
Marker protein of potato resistance to X- and L-viruses localized in tubers of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). pp. 37--41.

Summary: Protein spectra of tuber tissues were studied in potato cultivars of Belarusan breeding with a different resistance level to X- and L-viruses. Polypeptides, marking the resistance to X- and leaf roll viruses, were revealed to be localized in spectra of alkali-soluble proteins in a chlorophyll-containing layer and parenchyma of potato plant tubers. The investigated cultivars were shown to differ between themselves in the number and component composition of these proteins. The component composition of alkali-soluble protein spectra is supposed to determine the cultivar resistance level to potato X- and L-viruses.

Voronkova E. V., Lisovskaya V. M., Lucsha V. I., Makhanko V. L., Yermishin A. P.
PCR-assay with marker CP113 of potato breeding material for resistance against nematode Globodera rostochiensis pathotype Ro1. pp. 42--50.

Summary: The experimental procedure was optimized for DNA isolation and polymerase chain reaction aimed at detection of marker locus CP113 linked with gene H1 of resistance against Ro1 pathotype of potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis. The sources of gene H1 have been revealed according to PCR-assay of 65 potato varieties and breeding lines which recommended for use in breeding for nematode resistance: varieties Veras, Vesnianka, Zhivitsa, Lazurit, Arkhideja, Delfin, Dubrava, Talisman, Suzhorie, Lileja, Rosinka, Zhuravinka, Vetraz, Kolorit, Dina.

Svirshchevskaya A. M., Milko L. V., Pervenkova E. A.
Flow cytometric investigation of ploidy level and early effects of induced polyploidization in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) lines of gynogenetic origin. pp. 51--58.

Summary: The results of ploidy level investigation by flow cytometry in sugar beet gynogenetic lines were shown in the study. Frequency of diploid lines originated from unfertilized ovules of diploid donor plants was ca.7%. These lines were not homozygous. The effects of induced polyploidization using herbicides of high toxicity amiprophosmethyl, trifluralin, pronamide and colchicine in different treatment variants applied to vegetative shoots cultured in vitro were demonstrated. All treated haploid shoots from diploid donors at the end of vegetation period have formed chimeric plants (x+xx) and required techniques for further overcoming of mixoploidy.

Antonovich A. N., Slobozhanina E. I.
Changes of the physical state of lipids in erythrocyte membranes in vitro, induced by exogenous oxidized glutathione. pp. 59--63.

Summary: Influence of exogenous oxidized glutathione (GSSG) on a physical state of lipids in erythrocyte membranes and on structural stability of cells were studied. Change of physical state of lipids in erythrocyte membranes was evaluated on parameters of fluorescence lipophilic probes: pyrene, laurdan and 1-(4-trimethylammoniumphenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (TMA-DPH). It has been shown that a degree of the pyrene eximerization, size of laurdan generalized polarization and intensity of TMA-DPH fluorescence authentically decreased after incubation of erythrocyte membranes with 20 mM GSSG that testifies about the change of microviscosity of lipids in membranes. It was shown, that after incubation of erythrocyte with GSSG percent of cells, subjected hemolysis at presence of 1 mM ascorbic acid, increased depending on concentration of the acting agent. Obtained data allow to consider, that decrease of structural stability of erythrocytes induced by GSSG, is connected with disturbance of a physical state of lipids in membrane.

Shalygo N. V., Domanskaya I. N., Shcherbakov R. A., Radyk M. C.
Influence of water deficiency on the redox-status of glutathione in green barley leaves (Hordeum vulgare L.). pp. 64--68.

Summary: Reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione estimation in vegetative tissues was modificated. The change of a ratio GSH/GSSG in barley leaves depending on duration of a drought was investigated. Increase of a parameter GSG/GSSG in laboratory conditions at water deficiency it was shown.

Abramchik L. M., Serdjuchenko E. V., Kabashnicova L. F.
Influence of increased temperature on the functional activity PhS-2 in barley leaves (Hordeum vulgare L.) at modification of protein synthesis. pp. 69--72.

Summary: The role of proteins of cytoplasmatic and chloroplast origin in developing of photosynthetic response in membranes to the supraoptimal temperature was investigated. It was proved that together with the decreasing synthetic pigments, fluorescent parameters characterizing photochemical activity of PS 2 in green barley seedlings didn t change under the effect of protein synthesis inhibitor. While inhibition of proteins coded in plastide results in visible decrease of PS 2 activity. The subsequent warming up of the plants that had been processed by antibiotics did, t cause sufficient changes in slow fluorescent induction parametrs. On this basis one can conclude, that inhibition of protein synthesis doe s not influence the adaptable process to the high temperature occurring on the level of PS 2.

Melnikov S. S., Manankina E. E., Samovich T. V., Kolyago V. M., Shalygo N. V.
Hydrogen production of the Dunaliella salina cells on the biogen-deficit culture medium. pp. 73--77.

Summary: Incubation of Dunaliella salina cells in the biogen-deficit culture medium (solid wastes of PA "Belaruskali") leads to increasing of the photohydrogen production comparatively with the standard Artary's culture medium.

Osoka O. M., Mikhailova R. V., Lobanok A. G.
Effect of quantity and quality of inoculum on synthesis of extracellular peroxidase by Phellinus robustus K. pp. 78--83.

Summary: Effect of quantity and quality of inoculum on synthesis of extracellular peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) by basidiomycete Phel linus robustus K was studied. Comparative analysis of different inoculum (ground fungal biomass, cylindrical agar discs of fungal colony and solid-state inoculum) has shown that optimal procedure for biosynthesis of extracellular peroxidase by Ph. robustus K was application of inocula obtained in 2 stages: 1) growth of inoculum on wheat bran with 25% beer wort at 1:4 ratio during 7 days at 26 °C; 2) growth of inoculum in 1 L Erlenmeyer flasks containing 500 ml of 25% beer wort, inoculated with 2% of solid-state inoculum during 4 days at 26 °C and aeration 120 rpm. The developed method of producing inoculum is technologically flexible so that it may be used both for solid-phase and submerged fermentation of Ph. robustus K.

Dunai V. I.
Influence of inhibitor the synthasa NO introduced in a neonatal period on temperature reactions with a system and local inflammation with adult rats. pp. 84--86.

Summary: The aim of this work was studying of influence an inhibitor of synthasa NO introduced in an neonatal period on temperature reactions with a system and local inflammation with adult rats. During the work it has been positioned that inhibition of synthasa NO in an early postnatal ontogenesis caused changes of thermoregulation of adult animals with system and local inflammation.

Sidorov A. V.
Influence of acid-base balance (pH) fluctuations on defensive reactions of mollusk Lymnaea stagnalis. pp. 87--92.

Summary: Correlation between haemolymph acid-base balance (pH) value and defensive behaviour of fresh-water pond snail Lym naea stagnalis was studied. It was measured that haemolymph acidation (pH lower 7.0) decrease molluscs defensive reactions in response to skin tacticle stimulation. Alkalization of haemolymph (pH ower 8.0) results in opposite response. Electrophysiological experiments on identified defensive neurons (RPaD1, LP1 and LPaV1) show that reduction of conductance via chemical synapses within Lymnaea's CNS underlies mentioned above changes in molluscs defensive behaviour.

Lelevich V. V., Artyomova O. V.
Dynamics of change the blood plasma free amino acid pool in interrupted alcoholisation conditions. pp. 93--96.

Summary: The effect of interrupted alcoholisation routine on free amino acid pool formation in rat plasma was investigated. It was found, that multiple ethanol withdrawals caused the decreasing of free amino acid levels in plasma whereas the most general amino acid routines(BCAA/AAA, essential /nonessential amino acid ratio, gluconeogenic /kethogenic amino acid ratio) were found to normalize.

Solovej I. A., Sidorovich V. E., Rotenko I. I., Anisimova E. I., Polozov A. G., Januta G. G, Shinkevich E. P.
The analysis of the dimensional structure of small rodents association in lowland bogs of northern Belarus. pp. 97--103.

Summary: The analysis of the dimensional structure of small rodents associations (Rodentia) in lowland bogs of northern Belarus has been performed. There have been revealed statistically significant differences of body sizes of the majority of small rodent species. There have been considered peculiar properties of structure variability of small rodents associations in relation to their biomass in various ecological situations: population peak or depression of Microtus voles, floodland and non-floodland parts of lowland bogs, and the reproductive period (April, July, October)

Tereshkin A. M.
The species of Platylabops and Stenobarichneumon genera (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) in Belarus. pp. 104--108.

Summary: Faunistic, taxonomic and ecological data (abundance, seasonal dynamics, biotopical distribution, hibernation) Platylabops and Stenobarichneumon species from Byelorussia are given. Platylabops virginalis Wesm. is limited in its distribution by the northern bio topes of the oak-dark coniferous forests subzone. Species of Stenobarichneumon are distributed in the forests and opened ecosystems both in the northern and southern parts of the region. Seasonal dynamics of Stenobarichneumon species indicates for the one generation of all the species and impossibility their hibernation as adult. For all the points of collections geographical co-ordinates and location in UTM system are given. Original drawings of the total females Platylabops virginalis (Wesmael, 1844) and Stenobarichneumon basiglyptus (Kriechbaumer, 1890) and theirs parts of body are given.

Zemoglyadchuk A. V.
The larva development features of the mordellid beetles (Coleoptera, Mordellidae) and the seasonal activity of their imago on the Belarus territory. pp. 109--113.

Summary: On the Belarus territory 36 species of the mordellid beetles were found by us. Mordellistena neglecta Ermisch, 1977 and Mordellistena stoeckleini Ermisch, 1956 are pointed out for Belarus for the first time. The seasonal activity of the imago of 21 mordellid beetle species was tracked. It was established that the seasonal activity of the mordellid beetle imago depends on the features of the development of their larvae. It was shown that the mordellid beetle larvae hibernate being in the different stages of their development thus stretching the period of going out of the mordellid beetle imago from pupae within a species.

Nazarchuk O. A., Kusenkov A. N.
Features of pigmentation of eggs (Chlidonias leucopterius) in the southeast of Belarus. pp. 114--118.

Summary: Studying of a degree of variability of density of pigmentation of eggs of birds of habitats with a various degree of transformation can be used for finding-out of mechanisms of adaptations of birds to various conditions of an inhabitancy.

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SHORT COMMUNICATIONS

Sauchanka U. K.
Model of self-organization the genetic system of the biosphere. pp. 119--122.

Summary: The genosphere represent the (revolutionary interrelated and integrated but hierarchic and complex global system which is responsible for planetary web of life functioning, reproduction and development in time and space as well as for stability of our planetary system as a whole. The associative ontological links between parameters of the genosphere which is responsible for its static and dynamics are analysed with a view their dual and complementary nature. The synergetic model of the genetic system of the biosphere dynamics and self-organisation was developed. That model may facilitates the systemic study and understanding of global genetic system structural and functional entirety and associative conectedness as well as the process of its change and big metasystem transitions in its hierarchical complexity.

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