Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Biological Sci., 2007, No.2
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Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Biological Sci., 2007, No.2
| Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
(Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCESPublished by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus |
Number 2, 2007
CONTENTS
ARTICLES
Gribok N. A., Svitkovskaya O. I.
The phytomasse and the biological active compounds in organs of genus representatives of Colchicum L. at the different phases of seasonal development in the conditions of Belarus. pp. 5--8
Summary: The new information about the phytomasse productivity and the biological active compounds content at the different phases of C. speciosum Stev. and C. autumnale L. seasonal development under the introduction in Belarus have been obtained.
It was showed for these species in the reseach cycle of three years the greatest phytomass productivity of the aerial and subterranean organs and biological active compounds content may be obtained at the third year after the bulbotubers planting. The aerial phytomasse of these plants may be recommend to store at the beginning of fruiting phase or at the flowering phase as the most worthwhile and economical source of medical raw in the conditions of Belarus.
Sidorovich E. A., Podobed M. N.
The characteristic of contents the photosynthetic pigments in leaves (needles) of wood plants in the conditions of Minsk. pp. 9--13
Summary: The characteristic of content the photosynthetic pigments in assimilation organs of four wood plant species at the man-caused loading in Minsk were given. The polluted air could cause the increase or the decrease of pigments complex content at wood plants was showed.
Plaks A. V.
Transport of small solutes through membrane bilayer and aquaporines of plants. pp. 14--18
Summary: The technique of direct measurement of turgor and its kinetics in an isolated cell with accuracy of 3-5% has been worked out. Transmembrane mechanisms of small solutes transport through membrane bilayer and aquaporines in Nitella cells have been investigated. It was shown addition (removal) of a dissolved substance causes biphase kinetics of turgor, the first phase being evidently connected to the functioning of aquaporines, the second -- with the movement of the dissolved substance. Relative permeability coefficients for lightweight solutes of various classes have been calculated. Hypothetical range of aquaporines' selectivity has been ranked. Some isoforms of aquaporines are supposed to participate in the transport of small solutes.
Rodionova S. Y., Laman N. A.
About possibility of seed reproduction of tropical and subtropical plants in greenhouse conditions. pp. 19--24
Summary: The opportunity of reception in stove conditions seeds and viable seedlings from them is experimentally shown for 14 kinds of tropical and subtropical plants: Acca sellowiana, Aglaonema commutatum, Anthurium andreanum, Coffea arabica, Citrus limon, Diospiros Kaki, Dizygotheca elegantissima, Fatsia japonica, Ficus carica, Monstera deliciosa, Murraya pani-culata, Musa sapientum, Rhododendron indica, Schefflera arboricola.
Nedved E. L., Shalygo N. V., Serova Z. Ya.
The content of glutathione and glutathione reductase activity in infected with rust and net blotch pathogens of plants. pp. 25--30
Summary: The content of reduced (G-SH) and oxidized (G-SS-G) glutathione in tissues of resistance and susceptible plants of rye and barley infected with rust and net blotch pathogens was studied. It was shown, that G-SH -to G-SS-G ratio is the feature of oxidative damages which induced by pathogens inoculation and depend on parasitism type between plant-hosts and pathogens.
Reshetnikov V. F., Uss E. A., Nasevich A. A.
Natural regeneration of European larch in the conditions of Belarus. pp. 31--35
Summary: Analysis the processes of natural regeneration and fruiting of European larch in the conditions of Belarus was performed. It was found the maximum width of the efficient sowing zone was 50 meters away from the forest edge. A package of measures to contribute to the processes of natural regeneration of European larch was developed.
Ivantsova E. U., Kilchevsky A. V.
Inheritance of yield and long-term storage characters of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in open ground. pp. 36--40
Summary: Diallel analysis of fruit yield and long-term storage characters of tomato genotypes (including mutants with recessive genes of long-term storage Nor, Rin, Alcobaca) was made. Prevalence of overdominance towards increasing trait value for commodity and total yield was revealed. The characters of «fruit long-term storage» inheritance corresponds to incomplete inheritance. Mutant forms can be used as initial forms in breeding for producing long-term storage tomato fruits.
Bazhanov D. P., Okulich L. A., Bazhanova A. A.
Mutants of a rhisocphere nitrogen-fixings bacterium Burkholderia sp. 418 modified in calcium phosphate solubilization. pp. 41--44
Summary: Mutants of a rhizosphere nitrogen-fixings bacterium Burkholderia sp.418 modified in calcium phosphate solubilization (Mps) were induced by random transposone mutagenesis. Three types of mutants were selected: non-solubilising (Mps-), impaired (Mpsd), and enhanced (Mps++) in calcium phosphate solubilization. Mps++ mutants retained the ability to colonize barley roots.
Bogdan T. M.
Estimation of genetic and breeding parameters of seed productivity train variability in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) cultivars. pp. 45--48
Summary: The results of the breeding material value based on estimating genetic and breeding parameters of seed productivity trait variability in linseed cultivars (Nebesny, Bombay sel, Linda, Trifolium, AL-340) were presented. The donor cultivars Nebesny and AL-340 for seed productivity traits were selected.
Shishlov M. P., Shishlova A. M., Guretskaya V. S., Shishlova N. P., Semenova T. V.
The creation of digaploids of grain crops and its application in breeding. pp. 49--58
Summary: It has been studied the possibility of grain crops haploid creation by the haploproducing method -- on the base of a distant hybridization and androgenesis method -- in a culture of isolated anthers in vitro. It has been defined a high gene-spesificity of the both methods and a main role of biologic active compounds. It have been created the bred-valuable dihaploid of grain crops (barley, wheat, triticale, tritordeum) with an improved haploid technologies application.
Savchenko V. K.
Biosphere genetics: subject area. pp. 59--63
Summary: The subject area of biosphere genetics is the study of organisation and functioning of the genosphere. The genetic system of the biosphere unites several millions species genomes forming together the global genetic system and the planetary web of life. The structural and functional links and connections between genomes are based on common genetic code, common material carrier of hereditary information, common coevolutionary process and are product of interactions several major genetic information flows. The vertical flow includes transfer of genes from one generation to another. The horizontal flow includes transfer, exchange and acquisition of gene and genetic modules from one species genome to another. These flows of genetics material are added by functional genes and species genomes interactions within biotic communities and interactions with their common environment resulting into associative evolution of the genosphere.
Pundik A. N., Gapeeva T. A., Tretyakova T. G., Lutsevich E. A., Volotovski I. D.
Nicotiana plumbaginifolia plants with genes to change phospholipase C expression. pp. 64--67
Summary: Nicotianaplumbaginifolia plants with the chimera genes for antisense phospholipase C RNA synthesis have been obtained. These plants also express Ca2+-sensitive photoprotein apoaequorin, what allows to detect intracellular [Ca2+] changes by chemilumenescent method.
Samovich T. V., Kudryashov A. P., Averina N. G.
Influence of 1,10-phenantroline on the CO2 exchange in cells of Clorella. pp. 68--70
Summary: Influence of the glutaphen component such as 1,10-phenanthroline (P) on the CO2 transport across plasma membrane of Chlorella sp. cells was investigated. The extent of photoinduced alcalining of medium defined by the external concentration of P was established. Decrease of photoinduced alcalining value was the result of decrease CO2 influx across plasma membrane. It was established the high concentration of 1,10-phenanthroline induced extraction CO2 from the cells under the light.
Radyuk M.S., Budakova E.A., Shcherbakov R.A., Shalygo N.V.
Change of glutathione reductase activity in green barley leaves under influence of Cd2+ and Pb2+ cations. pp. 71--74
Summary: The influence of Cd2+ and Pb2+ cations for the activity of glutathione reductase (GR) in green leaves of barley was investigated. It was shown that these cations inhibit GR-activity in vitro at a very low concentration. The activity of GR is significantly increased when cations were administered through leaf sections or roots. The increasing of the GR-activity was observed on the background of decreasing of the chlorophyll and protein contents. It is supposed that Cd2+ and Pb2+ can induce the activity of GR that allow to maintain a high level of glutathione in plant cells. However, such an activity of GR is not sufficiently for complete compensation of negative influence of cations on biochemical processes, in particular, on the synthesis of protein and chlorophyll.
Melnicov S. S., Manankina E. E., Samovich T. V., Kolyago V. M., Shalygo N. V.
Hydrogen production of the policultures of microorganisms. pp. 75--79
Summary: Policultures of the microorganisms Euglena+Chlorella, Euglena+Scenedesmus, Euglena+Clostridium, Chlorella+ Clostridium produced larger amounts of the photohydrogen than the monocultures of the same microorganisms under aerobic conditions were studed.
Shukanova N. A., Vorobey A. V.
Estimation of leukemia cells differentiation by fluorescence method. pp. 80--82
Summary: Fluorescence intensity ratio of merocyanine 540 and own cells protein (IMc/Ipr) for estimation of leukemia cell differentiation was used. A positive correlation between appreciable decrease of value IMc/Ipr and cell differentiation was detected.
Stepuro T. L., Zinchuk V. V.
Influence of S-nitrosocystein and peroxynitrite on the oxygen-binding properties of blood. pp. 83--86
Summary: In experiments in vitro the effects of nitric oxide donor -- S-nitrosocystein, and peroxynitrite on the oxygen-binding properties of blood were investigated at temperatures 37 and 48°C. The both nitric oxide and peroxynitrite may be involved in the system of regulation of hemoglobin oxygen affinity was supposed. The main modulating role belongs to peroxynitrite at temperature conditions (48°C). A leading role of methemoglobin in a modification of hemoglobin oxygen-binding properties was suggesting. However other nitric oxide and peroxynitrite modified forms of hemoglobin may be involved in the regulation of hemoglobin oxygen affinity.
Shavanova T. M.
Fauna and biotopic distribution of opiliones (Arachnidae, Opiliones) in the Central Belarus. pp. 87--89
Summary: Species composition and distribution of harvestmen have been studied in different biocenosis of Central part of Belarus. 24 species of harvestmen were found. Ecological structure of harvestmen communities was established.
Ryzhaya A. B.
Elateid beetles (Coleoptera, Elateridae) in urbanization medium (on example Grodno town). pp. 90--94
Summary: The investigation of elateridofauna of green areas of Grodno and environments was shown 28 species. The green places have been choose according the grows of urbopressing from environment to the center of town. The structure of domination and changes in correlation of ecological groups in dependence of urbopressing were studied.
Razlutskij V. I., Buseva J. F.
Biotopic distribution of cladocerans in lakes of different types. pp. 95--100
Summary: Community structure and species distributions of cladocerance in the various biotopes of lakes of different types were studied. There were showed the statistically sufficient differences in community structures have been observed only in the species numbers habituated in littoral and pelagic zones of lakes. There were of species numbers less than them in last biotope. The complex of species with used cluster analysis witch had specific distributions in different biotopes were fined.
Solovej I. A., Sidorovich V. E., Sidorovich A. A., Shinkevich E. P.
Analysis of size structure of small mammal community in coniferous-small-leaved woodlands of northern Belarus. pp. 101--106
Summary: Analysis of size structure of small mammal community and their distribution in term of biomass was done. Size parameters of various small rodent species in pre- and post-reproduction period in relation to landscape and habitat related differences of woodlands were assessed.
It was revealed bank vole, being medium sized, had the biggest portion in total rodent density and biomass. Species with high (yellow-necked mouse, field vole and forest dormouse) and low (pygmy field mouse, birch mouse) values of mean body mass constituted a small part of total rodent biomass. Valuable differences in body size of almost all rodent species were revealed. But there were not statistically significant correlations between mean body mass of various species and their portions in total density and biomass of all rodent species.
Karpuk L. I.
Epidemiological aspects of monitoring of a brought in malaria in a megacity. pp. 107--111
Summary: There are characteristic brought cases of malaria from other countries. The territory of Minsk concerns to the moderate zone of potential risk of transfer of a malaria. The presented materials, the epidemiological analysis and literary data testify to a urgency of a problem of a malaria in Byelorus and its capital. It was necessary the further monitoring all factors.
Maisak N. N., Sysova E. A.
Species richness of algae and invertebrates (Rotifera, Crustacea) in periphyton on macrophytes in different trophic status lakes. pp. 112--117
Summary: At first for Belarusian lakes the simultaneous researches of phyto- and zooperiphyton on macrophytes in lakes of differing trophic status were carried out. The essential distinctions of species composition of phyto- and mesozooperiphyton were marked at comparison of pairs macrophytes in seasonal aspect. On separate kinds macrophytes the correlation in seasonal dynamics of number of algae and rotifers was established.
SCIENTISTS OF BELARUS
Volotovskii I.D., Kilchevsky A. V., Khotylyova L.V., Lemesh V.A.
Nikolai Alexandrovich Kartel (To his 70th birthday). pp. 118--121
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