Весці Нац. акадэміі навук Беларусі. Сер. хім. навук, 1999, No.3
/ Выданні акадэміі / Навуковыя часопісы
Весці Нац. акадэміі навук Беларусі. Сер. хім. навук, 1999, No.3
| Весці Нацыянальнай акадэміі навук Беларусі
СЕРЫЯ ХІМІЧНЫХ НАВУКВыдавец: Беларуская навука, Мінск, Рэспубліка Беларусь |
Нумар 3, 1999
ЗМЕСТ
НЕАРГАНІЧНАЯ ХІМІЯ
Egorov V.V., Rakhman'ko E.M., Nikolaev B.A., Rat'ko A.A., Lomako S.V.
Application of film sodium, potassium and chloride-selective electrodes for blood serum analysis. pp. 5--9
Summary: Electrochemical characteristics of K+-selective electrode based on composition of valinomicin and trioctyl-oxybenzenesulfonic acid. Cl- selective electrode based on trinonyloctadecylammonium chloride, Na+-selective electrode based on composition of sodium tetrakis(4-chloro)phenylborate and 4-tertbutylcalix[4]arene-tetra-ethyl ether of tetravinegar-acid are studied. The electrodes studied have been shown to be suitable for- K+, Na+ and Cl- determination in diluted solutions of blood serum in a variant of non-flow- analysis. The consistence of measurements is optimized and method of potentiometric determination of K+, Na+ and Cl- is offered characterized by a high productivity, correctivity and reproducibility. The results of potentiometric determination of potassium, sodium and chloride ions have been shown to have a better reproducibility and correlate well with the results of flame-photometrical and titrimetrical determinations.
ФІЗІЧНАЯ ХІМІЯ
Stepanova E.A., Rat'ko A.I., Bolotnikova E.V., Chistova T.A.
Sorptionstructural properties of coprecipitated adsorbents: magnesium hydroxide -- carbonate tripoly. pp. 10--14
Summary: The results of the investigation of adsorption-structural properties of coprecipitated magnesium hydroxide-carbonate tripoly samples depending on their composition and temperature treatment are presented. Co-precipitation of the natural mineral tripoly with rather narrow pores and magnesium hydroxide has been shown to result in adsorbents with a developed porosity and stable values of Vs and Ssp Thermal treatment of such adsorbents is accompanied by an increase of porosity due to macropores, the sorption capacity value being at a level of tripoly forming bicomponent adsorbent.
Zarapin V.G., Lugin V.G., Bereznytskii A.V., Zharskii I.M.
Investigation of the oxidation processes of thin lead film. pp. 15--20
Summary: A change of electrical resistance of thin films is investigated during thermal oxidation. Methods of transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction patterns phase structure change and film microstructure have been established during thermal oxidation of the films. Films of SnOx prepared by thermal oxidation have been investigated by AES, ESCA and SEM methods.
Komar V.V., Pokhodina T.A.
Study of film formation in polymer powder compositions. pp. 21--25
Summary: Effect of a particle size, a degree of filling, content of a hardener, conditions of milling and homogenization of powder epoxy compositions on process of film formation have been investigated, allowing conditions of coating formation to be optimized.
Sen'kov G.M., Nikitina A.M.
Toluene hydrogenation on Pt-polyamide catalyst. pp. 26--29
Summary: The kinetics of toluene hydrogenation on Pt-polyamide catalyst has been studied. The kinetic parameters have been shown to be similar to these obtained for other catalysts containing metals of the VIII group.
Mitskevich E.N., Butylin B.A., Novikov G.I.
Thermal-chemical study of a reaction of elemental sulphur precipitation from hydrogen sulfide by ethylenediamine tetracetate (III) solutions. pp. 30--32
Summary: The reaction of hydrogen sulfide oxidation by ferric sulfate solution has been studied using a calorimeter with the isothermal cover. The D H0298 value for this reaction has been determined.
Chaplanova Zh.D., Agabekov V.E., Ivko A.A.
Oxidation modification of thermal deposited films of polycyclohexadiene. pp. 33--37
Summary: Formation peculiaritics, composition and properties of films prepared by thermal vacuum deposition of preliminary oxidized polycyclohexadiene containing 90% of crosslinked insoluble fraction have been studied. Hydroxyl, carbonyl, dirboxyl and peroxy groups have been established to be formed at the film surface due to their interaction with molecular oxygen, a ratio of these groups being dependent on oxidation temperature.
Mikhailovskii Yu.K., Agabekov V.E., Azarko V.A.
Photolithographic properties of vacuum thermal deposited films of sulfophthaleine dyes. pp. 38--41
Summary: Photolithographic properties of vacuum thermal deposited films based on 5 sulfophthaleine dyes (SFD) have been studied. The SFD films with thickness of 0.6--1.0 µm were irradiated in the open air through a photomask by the whole light of mercury lamp. After vacuum thermal developing of a latent image negative patterns were obtained: the films were practically completely re-evaporated from the unexposed areas, while in the UV-exposed areas films remained on substrates. Mechanism of pattern forming in SFD films is proposed, according to which dye re-evaporation temperature increases under films UV-irradiation in the open air in the result of the formation of associated zwitterion forms and stable triarylmethyl radicals.
Kuchuk A.V., Grushova E.I.
Physico-chemical properties of binary liquid systems of glycol -- ethanol. pp. 42--45
Summary: Basic physico-chemical properties of binary liquid systems of glycol (ethylene-glycol, diethylene-glycol, thiethylene-glycol, tetraethylene-glycol) -- ethanol have been studied at 20, 40 and 60 °C in all concentrations ranges. Effect of ethanol addition on glycol structure has been investigated based on analysis of the excess molar volumes, the excess dynamic viscosity and the excess shift of activation energy.
Koshevar V.D., Bondareva G.V., Rat'ko A.I.
Effect of polyvinyl alcohol on sedimental stability of water dispersions of kaolin zinc oxide. pp. 46--49
Summary: Stabilizing effect of polyvinyl alcohol on water dispersions of kaolin and zinc oxide powders depends on its concentration, pH of a solution and a ratio of acidic-alkali properties of surfaces of the polymer and particles.
Komarov V.S., Milvit N.V., Rat'ko A.I.
Activation of metakaolins by calcium hydroxide solutions. pp. 50--54
Summary: Alkali-acidic activation of Belarusian kaolins has been carried out consisting in thermal treatment of samples (750--800 °C), activation by a solution of Ca(OH)2 followed by a treatment with various acids and further neutralization with ammonium solutions or NaOH. A composition of the activated kaolins and their adsorption-structural characteristics have been investigated. As a results of activation porous samples are formed with a complex composition and high sorption capacity.
Shunkevich A.A., Grachek V.I., Akulich Z.I., Radkevich S.E.
Cationic polyelectrolyte as a flocculant for waste water purification. pp. 55--57
Summary: Cationic polyelectrolyte has been synthesized by 3-dimethylaminopropylamine amination of polyacrylorntrile fibre rejects. A method of kaolin settling in distilled and waste water from a textile factory permitted to show that cationic flocculant is characterized by a high removal effeciency. Having been used in flocculation process it gives transparent and colorless wastewater. The COD value was reduced by 59--67%.
Komarov V.S., Shavel A.I., Repina N.S.
Sorption parameters of clays activated by phosphoric acid and binary solutions of acids. pp. 58--62
Summary: Activation of benthonite clays of various deposits by phosphoric acid and bicomponent acidic solutions has been studied. The advantage of the activation of clays by bicomponent acidic solutions has been shown. A mechanism of porous structure formation of the adsorbents obtained has been proposed and a character of structure changing from mineral and chemical composition of the clays and their ion-exchanging complex have been examined. Peculiarities of surface chemistry of the adsorbents obtained and fields of their application have been pointed out.
Omel'chenko T.N., Elinson I.S., Martinovich V.I., Soldatov V.S., Tsygankov V.I.
Sorption of heavy metal ions by ion-exchange fibrous materials FIBAN. pp. 63--68
Summary: Sorption of heavy metal ions on ion-exchange fibrous materials Fiban has been investigated. A relation between exchange capacity and a nature of the materials investigated and their functional group ratio has been established.
Butovskaya G.V., Agabekov V.E., Skakovskii E.D.
Reactivity of p-carbomethoxyethyl radicals during interaction with C--H-bonds of organic compounds. pp. 69--73
Summary: The rate constants for the hydrogen atom abstraction from alkylaromatic and oxygen containing substances by b-carbomethoxyethyl radicals have been determined by a method of competitive reactions. A reactivity of the radicals investigated toward different C--H bonds of alkylaromatic substances has been shown to increase at 383 K in an order primary > secondary > tertiary. Multidipole interaction in a transition state effects significantly the radical reactivity in the case of esters.
АРГАНІЧНАЯ ХІМІЯ
Vasil'eva V.S., Vasilevskaya L.N., Prokudina S.A., Ksenofontov M.A.
Interaction of 5-methylresorcinol with ozone in the water solution. pp. 74--77
Summary: Spectral and structural characteristics of 5-methylresorcinol oxidation with ozone in the water solutions was studied by UV and IR spectroscopy. Effect of pH of the solution on kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation process has been studied. Reaction rate constants were calculated at pH values of 6 and 10. It was shown that 5-methylresorcinol oxidation destruction is followed by a formation of quinone compounds, carboxylic acids and oxyphenolic compounds. The reaction mechanism and reaction rate depend on pH of the solutions.
Oparin D.A.
Interaction of alkylthiosubstituted salts of 5-phenyl-1,2-dithiolium and benxo-1,2-dithiolium with CH-acids. pp. 78--81
Summary: CH-acids have been shown to react independently of their structure with 3-alkylthiosubstituted 1,2-dithiolium salts at electron-deficient C-3 carbon atom of a hetero-ring followed by elimination of alkylmercaptane and formation of dithiolylidene derivatives.
БІЯАРГАНІЧНАЯ ХІМІЯ
Litvinko N.M., Kuchuro S.V., Zheldakova T.A., Filich E.R., Mashkovich A.E., Kuz'mitskii B.B.
A correlation between inhibition of phospholipase A2 activity by prostaglandin analogues and their radioprotective effect. pp. 82--88
Summary: Influence of 9-Me, 10-Me, 11-Me analogues of prostaglandins on the phospholipase A2 activity was studied. It was found that the preincubation of phospholipase A2 in vitro with 12 prostaglandin analogues resulted in essential decrease of enzymatic activity. These compounds also were tested as radioprotectors of mice exposed to a sublethal radiation. The correlation between the inhibition of phospholipase A2 activity by prostaglandin analogues and their radioprotective properties was assigned.
Bondar N.F., Kuz'mitskii B.B., Mizulo N.A., Skupskaya R.V., Shulyak V.N.
Carbacyclic analogues of prostaglandin endoperoxides as membrane active compounds. pp. 89--91
Summary: Influence of 9 synthetic prostaglandin endoperoxide analogues on the permeability of the membranes of rat peritoneal basofils has been studied. It has been found out that due to izoxazonylic fragment in (w-chain of prostaglandin endoperoxide carbacyclic analogue promotes for the compound to acquire the ability to stabilize the fatty cell membrane and to decrease the secretion of histamine. The presence of 15-phenylic group increases the membrane-stabilizing effect of prostanoids. The incorporation of p-chlorphenoxylic or heterocyclic fragments into w-chain, as compared to that of 15-phenylic substitutor, results in the decrease of membrane-stabilizing activity. Splitting the izoxazolinic cycle and the oxidation of aminoalcohol to oxiketone result in the sufficient enhancement of membrane-labilizing effect. So 13,15-izoxazolinprostanoids may be attributed to the promising pharmacological agents which stabilize the membrane of tissue basophils.
ХІМІЯ ВЫСОКАМАЛЕКУЛЯРНЫХ ЗЛУЧЭННЯЎ
Shishko A.M., Vinokurova L.G., Kaputskii V.E., Volkovich S.M.
Acidcatalytic destruction of accessible sites of cellulose. pp. 92--96
Summary: A method has been proposed of optimal condition calculation for microcrystalline cellulose preparation with the given particle size.
ГЕАХІМІЯ
Kuznetsov V.A., Generalova V.A.
A distribution of adsorbed forms of Cs-137 and Sr-90 in the flood-plain of Sozh river. pp. 97--100
Summary: The distribution forms of Sr-90 and Cs-137 in the flood-plain geochemical system "alluvial silt-flood-plain turf-humus horizon-soil-source rock" where sorption and colloidal processes play main role in the isotopes migration has been discussed.
ТЭХНІЧНАЯ ХІМІЯ І ХІМІЧНАЯ ТЭХНАЛОГІЯ
Prokopchuk N.R., Tolkach O.Ya., Paplevko I.G.
On a relation between polymer destruction in solid and liquid phase. pp. 101--103
Summary: An application of mechanical forces to polymer samples has demonstrated a possibility for overall complex oxidative destruction process to be carried out at lower temperatures in a solid polymer phase instead of liquid one.
Bobkova N.M., Popovskaya N.F., Kavrus I.V., Radion E.V.
A spectroscopic study of mullite formation processes. pp. 104--106
Summary: Mullite formation processes by co-precipitation method under different conditions of precipitation and different temperatures of sintering have been studied by IR-spectroscopy. It has been established that under low pH values mullite is formed with conservation of some quantity of a-Al2O3 and SiO2. With pH value increasing up to 8 mullite is formed through a metastable phase -- silimanite.
Mozheiko F.F., Markin A.D., Zhdanovich I.B., Rudakovskaya T.G., Shlomina L.F.
Process intensification of potassium chloride granulation by water steam. pp. 107--109
Summary: A possibility has been shown of substituten a compressed air in feeding of presses between KCl particles by water steam in the process of potassium chloride small grain pressing. Use of water steam during pressing with roller presses can considerably intensify a granulating process and increase a strenght of the granulate.
Tutaeva N.L., Markina A.Ya., Mozheiko F.F., Sapeshko V.V., Nitsenko V.I.
Influence of salt-containing clay powder of properties of thermoplasts filled by this powder. pp. 110--113
Summary: The properties of composition materials based on polyethylene and ethylene -- vinyl acetate copolymer, filled by salt-containing clay powders, which are produced by different methods, i. e. by spray drying of clay-salt slurry, by dry declurring of sylvinite mine, by bituminous emulsion and petroleum polymer modification, have been studied.
ФІЗІКА-ХІМІЧНЫЯ ПРАБЛЕМЫ ЭКАЛОГІІ
Mozheiko F.F., Domovskaya T.G.
Application of polyacrylonitrile compounds as a dust-depressants in radioactive contaminated soils. pp. 114--118
Summary: A possibility has been shown to use a co-polymer based on hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile and lignin (lignosulfonate) as a reagent-dust separator. A low reagent consumption, simple production technology, and a high structureformation action on a soil allow for the co-polymer to be recommended for practical application.
Ovsyannikova S.V., Sokolik G.A., Eysmont E.A., Rubinchik S.Ya.
Distribution of 137Cs between different sorption sites of soils contaminated by Chemobyl catastrophe products. pp. 119--122
Summary: The results of investigation of 137Cs+ distribution between different sorption sites of soils contaminated by Chernobyl catastrophe products are presented. Using NH+4 and Sr2+ as ousted cations the portions of radionuclide adsorbed by specific (FES) and regular (RES) exchangeable sites have been determined. The distribution of 137Cs+ and its exchangeable form between solid and liquid phases of watersaturated soils have been established. The distribution coefficients Kd and Kdexch have been evaluated. The behavior of 137Cs in a system "soil-solution" with different contribution of FES and RES sites into radionuclide adsorption were considered. Effect of solution acidity and cation concentration compete for exchangeable adsorption sites have been analyzed. The reasons of higher 137Cs mobility during its transfer from solid phase into solution in soils, where content of specific adsorption sites is limited, are discussed.
/ Выданні акадэміі / Навуковыя часопісы / Да пачатку старонкі
Распрацавана і падтрымліваецца Мікалаем М. Касцюковічам. Апошняе абнаўленне: 21 лістапада 2006 г.
Створана пры ўдзеле Ігнація І. Корсака
Капірайт © 1999-2006 Нацыянальная акадэмія навук Беларусі
Капірайт © 1999 Выдавецтва "Беларуская навука"
