Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Phys.-Eng. Sci., 2009, No.2
/ Publications / Scientific Journals
Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Phys.-Eng. Sci., 2009, No.2
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
(Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF PHYSICAL-ENGINEERING SCIENCESPublished by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus |
Number 2, 2009
CONTENTS
MATERIALS ENGINEERING, METALLURGY
Zhdanok S. A., Khrustalev B. M., Batyanovsky E. I., Leonovich S. N.
Nanotechnology in construction materials science: reality and prospects. pp. 5--14
Summary: The results of studies on the problem of use of carbon nanomaterials, obtained in the Institute of Heat and Mass Transfer of National Academy of sciences of Belarus and made with use of cement concrete of dense and porous structure at production of construction materials, articles and constructions are presented. Theoretical prerequisites of ultra-dispersed and fiber-like carbonic materials effectiveness due to their influence on the process of structurization of hardening concrete block are presented. The research results of morphological and structural changes in cement stone, modified with carbonic nanomaterials, regularities leading to its strength increase, changes in standard technological concrete mixtures, kinetics of quartz sand grinding considered as a composite of porous concretes are given.
Ilyuschenko A. Ph., Fomikhina I. V., Lisovskaya Yu. O.
Investigation of corrosion setting influence under conditions of long-term chemical and physical effects on structure and properties of metal structures. pp. 15--19
Summary: The influence of corrosion setting under the conditions of long-term chemical and physical effects on the structure, phase composition, thin structure parameters, strength characteristics of metal structures has been studied by metallographic, roent-genostructure analyses methods as well as by identification methods for mechanical properties.
Vityaz P. A., Savitsky V. V.
Porous articles on the base of thin-wall permeable pipes. pp. 20--24
Summary: The advantages of using thin-walled porous workpieces as filters and technological features of their production are cited. The quality criterion is offered of a thin-walled porous pipes, based on specific strength of mouldable plasticized material. The effective scheme of formation of thin-walled pipes from paraffm-plasticized powder of spherical bronze in conjunction with a mandrel from paraffin-plasticized aluminum oxide is proposed. In order to reduce power expenditure when extruding thin-walled pipes, the optimum length of a forming part of an extrusion tool is calculated. The production technology of thin-walled permeable pipes has been developed and the development batch of the product has been manufactured, which possesses improved operational characteristics, in particular, increased porosity and absence of irregularity in its distribution.
Danilyuk A. L., Korolev A. V., Makovskaya T. I., Borisenko V. E.
Current oscillations in Si/CaF2 nanostructures. pp. 25--30
Summary: A charge instability producing current oscillation in periodical Si/CaF2 nanostructure is considered. The mechanism of current self-oscillation based on grown of charge carrier transfer rate with increase of charge value on traps in the insulator is proposed. The equivalent circuit and design of nanoelectronic generator of oscillation based on Si/CaF2 nanostructure is proposed. The conditions of existence of stable current oscillation in the Si/CaF2 nanostructure for 0.02--30 GHz range are specified.
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS
Vysotski M. S., Doubovik D. A., Lisichik A. S., Nikolaev Yu. I.
Control of traction forces of driving axles and wheels for increase of efficiency of running systems of wheel vehicles. pp. 31--39
Summary: The way of control by traction forces of driving axles and wheels for general case of curvilinear motion of multidrive wheel vehicles is developed. Results of researches of efficiency of the developed way with reference to control of traction forces of driving axles and wheels of the off-road wheel vehicle MZKT-79091 with the wheel formula 8x8 are brought.
Kozeruk A. S., Sukhotsky A. A., Klimovich V. F., Kuznechik V. O.
Investigation of quality and productivity of treatment of high-accuracy spherical surfaces of optical details. pp. 40--44
Summary: Exacting lenses process conditions are brought out, that allow minimizing of kinematic, dynamic and temperature parts of the local errors on the optical details convex spherical surfaces. Manufacturing equipment setting and their combination are defined, that provide comparatively high processing productivity on the finishing stage.
Shevchenko V. S., Thilevich M. I., Korolkevich A. V.
Technical diagnosis and maintenance of reliability of hydraulic drives. pp. 45--50
Summary: Possibilities of applying some algorithms of diagnosing and maintenance of reliability of hydrodrives of machines are discussed. Some typical algorithms of diagnosing are considered. The conceptual positions of structural maintenance of reliability hydrodrives have been proposed.
Alifanov A. V., Kantin V. G., Miliukova A. M.
Distinctive features of manufacturing of end cutting tools using method of hot extrusion. pp. 51--57
Summary: Distinctive features of heat exchange between blank and die that occurs during a process of hot extrusion of end cutting tool are discussed taking into account the lubricant separating their contact surfaces. The formulae are derived for calculating the current blank temperature in the process of its hot extrusion. A diagram is suggested for hot extrusion of end cutting tool and extrusion force is calculated for each extrusion step as well as for the entire process. The recommendations are given concerning development of new technology for manufacturing bimetallic taps using the method of hot extrusion.
Hmelev A. A., Reut L. E.
Expansion of opportunities of estimation of steels quality based on results of impact strength investigations. pp. 58--62
Summary: Essentially new opportunity of an estimation of quality of materials by results of shock destruction of samples is considered, and also results of tests for impact strength are theoretically proven and expanded. A new approach for an estimation of condition of steels, based on size of potential energy of deformation and definition of specific work of plastic deformation as criterion of rejection of a material is offered. The given power concept has concrete physical sense and allows to estimate on quantity of the saved up energy a condition of controllable and researched constructions in real temperature and force conditions of operation. Besides, the method of theoretical definition of value of impact strength of any material, based on definition of impact strength only of one sample and on measurements of hardness on Brinell of locally deformed zones of designs is offered that is important at emergency researches. Combined measurements on Brinell and results of tests for a shock bend allow getting the authentic data which can be used as characteristics of plasticity and which can serve as independent criteria of an estimation of condition of steel or a design on their resistibility to shock loadings. The above-stated results of tests can be used also in settlement formulas at theoretical research of laws of mechanics of destruction.
Volochko A. T., Izobello A. Yu.
Simulation of heat-stressed condition of pistons of augmented diezel internal-conbustion engine with gallery cooling. pp. 63--68
Summary: Mathematical simulation of temperature fields for piston of augmented diesel ICE is described, which has allowed determination of optimum construction, material and shape of a cooling chamber. The simulation results have shown that gallery oil cooling can ensure temperature decrease of piston-cylinder-unit by 55 to 70 °C during operation. The increase of circumfluous Ni-resist surface with respect to a hollow chamber volume results in additional temperature decrease by 5 to 10 °C in danger zones.
POWER ENGINEERING, HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
Levdansky V. V., Dragun V. L., Smolik J., Moravec P.
Influence of surface processes on gas flow in nanoscale capillaries. pp. 69--73
Summary: Theoretical study of free molecular gas flow in nanoscale capillary taking into account joint effect of different schemes of molecule scattering by the capillary wall and surface diffusion of adsorbed molecules is conducted. The problem of radiation-induced drift of molecules in capillaries is discussed. Influence of adsorbable foreign gases on phase transitions in nanoscale capillaries is considered.
Korko V. S., Morozova I. M.
Modelling of electrothermal treatment process of fodder cereals. pp. 74--79
Summary: Electrical and physical properties of fodder cereals in their natural dry state as well as the influence of humidity and link forms of moisture on the conductivity of a dispersive organic system have been considered. Both experimental and analytical temperature and humidity characteristics of the conductivity of grain having non-linear view and confirming mostly ionized nature of the conducting medium have been given. The impossibility of using low-frequency power and having ionic reactions has been explained. The summarized temperature characteristics of the conductivity of the grain mass moistened with a chemical solution and prepared for processing with the electric current in accordance with the technological requirements has been obtained.
Sychevskii V. A.
Wood drying as a physical process. pp. 80--89
Summary: Heat-and-mass transfer and stress-strain state of saw-timber in the process of drying are investigated. It is established, that in wood there is no period of constant speed of drying. It is shown, that at big temperature drops a thermal diffusion influences on transfer of a moisture. It is revealed, that the greatest stressed are in surfaced layers of a sample. Evolution of pressure in the surface of a material is described. The developed numerical method of calculation allows to define critical pressure in a material, bringing to its destruction.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND SYSTEMS
Boriskevich A. A.
Adaptive wavelet compression algorithm for halftone images. pp. 90--97
Summary: A fast adaptive half-tone images wavelet-compression algorithm is developed. The algorithm is based on integer discrete wavelet transform, fast compression/distortion ratio control procedure and fast entropy coding with using adaptive elementary Golomb code. The compression/distortion ratio control procedure is to order bitplanes by their relative distortion estimation descending for faster increasing most visual significant wavelet coefficients reconstruction precision. An effective wavelet coefficients description based on wavelet coefficient bitplane scanning and significant bits compression using adaptive Golomb code is proposed. It's shown that the proposed algorithm is comparable with JPEG 2000 algorithm compression characteristics and possesses lower computational complexity.
Cheremisinova L. D., Novikov D. Ya.
Verification of incompletely functionally specified multi-block structures. pp. 98--105
Summary: A task to check whether a system of partially defined Boolean functions is implemented by a multi-block structure is explored. The case, when each block of the structure is specified by a system of partially defined Boolean functions, is considered. The task is reduced to finding out whether two logical descriptions given with functional indeterminacy are equivalent on the domain of the first of them. A method based on fast Boolean computations over Boolean and ternary vectors having big sizes is proposed.
RADIOELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENT MAKING
Belaziorava L. I., Kasparov K. N.
Photoelectrons trucks simulation in a photomultiplier when it is used as photo-electron energy analyzer. pp. 106--110
Summary: The result of photoelectrons tracks simulation in a field of electrostatic lens is presented. The lens is created from the control electrodes in a cathode chamber of a photomultiplier. It is shown that increase of slow electrons in the spectrum in the plane of the first dynode is caused mainly at the expense of the emission from the periphery regions of the photocathode.
DIAGNOSTICS AND SAFETY OF TECHNICAL AND ENVIRONMENT SYSTEMS
Zdor G. N., Timoshevitch V. B., Sinkevictch Yu. V., Yankovski I. N.
Self-radiation of radio-frequency and discharge current as a manner of supervision and control of electropulse polishing process. pp. 111--119
Summary: Researches of electropulse polishing process at which a powerful radio-frequency self-radiation of a discharge in electrolyte is observed are presented. Influence of voltage at electrolyte cell, area of polished specimen, temperature and availability of hashing of electrolyte, scheme and parameters of electric filter on characteristics of radio-frequency radiation and discharge current are determined. For the first time an existence of high-quality peak having frequency within the range of 400--700 Hz in discharge current spectrum is revealed. Change of the peak parameters and also frequencies and amplitudes of high-frequency (f » 2 MHz) component of the discharge current depending on modes and treatment conditions are investigated. The conclusion is drawn on the possibility of EPP process control using parameters of radio-frequency self-radiation and discharge current.
SCIENTISTS OF BELARUS
Vasily Vasilievich Rubanik (On his 60th birthday). pp. 120--121
Valentin Mikhailovich Artemiev (On his 75th birthday). pp. 122--123
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Created with assistance of Dr. Ignatii I. Korsak
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