Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Phys.-Eng. Sci., 2008, No.2

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Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Phys.-Eng. Sci., 2008, No.2

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
(Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF PHYSICAL-ENGINEERING SCIENCES
Published by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus

Number 2, 2008

MATERIALS ENGINEERING, METALLURGY

Astapchik S. A., Maklakov A. G., Goransky G. G., Anisimov V. M.
Laser cladding of amorphous powder on an iron base. pp. 5--9.

Summary: The investigation of laser cladding process of amorphous powder on an iron base is conducted. Structures and properties of layers formed at cladding are considered. It is shown how the various methods of powder feeding and laser effect influence the content of amorphous phase within the layer, phase composition and mechanical properties. With provision for a low cost of the powder, the composition is recommended as an alternative to known powders based on Nickel for surface hardening.

Samoilovich Yu. A., Timoshpolskiy V. I., Trusova I. A., Mandel N. L.
Thermostress condition of billets at continuous casting. Part 2. Thermal stress calculation inside tubular billets meant for weldless pipes production. pp. 10--16.

Summary: Using mathematical model approaches there was carried out a quantitative assessment of thermal stresses, occurred inside solid crust of tubular billet in the casting mold area and cooling zone. There were confronted peak tensile stresses with their limiting values, causing cast steel discontinuity.

Makarenko E. F., Olshansky A. I., Kovchur S. G., Olshansky V. I.
The analysis of process of drying kinetics of footwear capillary-porous materials. pp. 17--19

Summary: The character of distribution of temperature on thickness of a package of footwear materials was obtained. During drying the temperature field of material was investigated. The average temperature on volume of a body (^-t) and criterion Rb were analyzed. These values of criterion Rb allow to estimate the size of a stream of heat during falling speed of drying and to establish the initial data for design of drying equipment of tunnel type.

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS

Konchak V. S., Kolesnikovich A. N., Lazakovich S. P., Hitrikov S. V.
Methods of determination of dynamic parameters of elastic elements of suspension by experimental data. pp. 20--25

Summary: Methods and algorithms of analysis of oscillatory mechanical systems on the results of measuring fulfilled in the process of experiment are described in the article. This method allows to get the characteristics of experimental models of different mechanisms influencing the motion smoothness and vibroloading of designed automobile technique at the point of refinement works.

Kozeruk A. S., Sukhotsky A. A., Klimovich V. F., Filonova M. I.
Investigation of kinematic regularities of double-sided treatment of biconvex optical details. pp. 26--31

Summary: Mathematical model is developed, that allows to discover using computer the most efficient parameters of the simultaneous double-sided biconvex lenses processing, from the point of high shaping productivity implementation and minimum of local error of kinematic component on the details working surfaces achievement.

Surin V. M., Dzerjinski S. M.
Fatigue lifetime under sinusoidal and random vibrations. pp. 32--36

Summary: Problems of fatigue life of industrial products under transport vibrations are considered. Various methods of vibrational tests are analysed. These tests are used to provide information concerning the life distribution of industrial products in a relatively quick and economic way. Under some basic assumptions the relation that establishes the equivalence of sinusoidal and random vibrational tests is first obtained. Results of life tests of electronic components which confirm this relation are presented.

Grudanov V. Ya., Brench A. A., Tkachyova L. T., Navaray A. K.
Working bodies design improvement of presses for mechanical division of bird's meat. pp. 37--40

Summary: The model for definition of optimum design data of working bodies of press for mechanical division of fowl is developed. The obtained model allows to define power parameters of a press depending on design data of unit of expression. On the basis of the developed model with use of laws of a golden section optimum technical decisions have been developed in the field of designing of press working bodies. Comparative industrial tests which results have confirmed reliability of conclusions of theoretical research are lead.

Lebedev V. Ya., Akulovich L. M., Sergeev L. E., Babich V. E.
Lubricant-cooling technological means on the base of surface-active materials for magneto-abrasive treatment. pp. 41--43

Summary: Lubricant-cooling technological means are an obligatory element of the majority of technological processes of treatment of materials with cutting and pressure. In these conditions the basic purpose for lubricant-cooling technological means is to reduce temperature, power parameters of processing, deterioration of the cutting tool, stamps and to provide satisfactory quality of the processed surface.

Alifanov A. V., Alehnovich V. N., Gagasov A. M., Lyah A. A.
Technology and tool for hardening of spherical details by rolling technique. pp. 44--46

Summary: The method and corresponding tool used for hardening of steel articles of spherical form with rolling are designed. The tool is made for steel balls production for ball bearings. Hardening occurs due to elastic-plastic strain in the whole ball volume during rolling which leads to reduction of residual austenite quantity and improvement of ball microstructure. Due to that the structure becomes more homogeneous and average strength increases by 27%.

Kozeruk A. S., Sukhotsky A. A., Klimovich V. F., Filonov I. P.
Process control of double-sided forming of biconvex lenses. pp. 47--53

Summary: Mathematical model of the simultaneous double-sided biconvex lenses processing is developed granting pressure. Theoretical and experimental analysis is given to discover effective control rules of high-precision spherical surfaces forming on lever grinding-and-polishing and polishing-and-fmishing machines with force-closure. It is established, that from all manufacturing equipment setup parameters it's profitably to change instrument swinging movement amplitude and instrument diameter for glass transition regulation in different lens zones.

Martynenko I. M., Juravkov M. A.
An eigenvalues asymptotic formula for Lame's system in restricted domains with cutsets. pp. 54--59

Summary: The formulae for asymptotic expression of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of first boundary value problem for Lame's system for restricted domain D is deduced. It is proved that eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for this problem don't depend on the form domain but depend on their volume.

Sosnovskiy L. A., Kostyuchenko A. A., Vorobyev V. V.
Engineering model of corrosion-mechanical durability. pp. 60--64

Summary: Development of a technique for estimation of corrosion influence on durability of materials at static and repeatedly-variable loads concerns a number of challenges: mechanical-chemical processes are investigated insufficiently. As it is not possible to define quantitatively diverse electrochemical interactions of metal with environment, the estimation of corrosion-mechanical durability is usually based on introduction of corresponding empirical factors. The problem of development of engineering model of corrosion-mechanical durability is solved as an approximation. The further investigations, especially experimental ones, should present substantiation of conditions and limits of obtained solutions with reference to concrete technical objects.

Mikhlyuk A. I.
Application prospects of low-hardenability steels at articles production for MAP vehicles. pp. 65--71

Summary: Steel of lowered hardenability and technology of its work-hardening are described. Advantages of a new material and technology are shown in modern terms. An experience of Minsk Automobile Plant on mastering of the steel of lowered hardenability for making cog-wheels of rear end of car is presented.

POWER ENGINEERING, HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER

Dmitrakovich N. M., Evseeva L. E., Tanaeva S. A., Khilko M. V.
Thermophysical properties of fire- and heat-resistant textiles. pp. 72--75

Summary: Influence of fire-retardant sputtered coating on the thermophysical properties of foreign and domestic fire- and heat-resistant textiles have been studied. The thermal conductivity, the thermal diffusivity and the specific heat of the tested clothes are experimentally determined in the temperature range 25--250 °C. It was found that fire-retardant coatings diminish the specific heat and the thermal diffusivity of the tested clothes and increase their thermal conductivity.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND SYSTEMS

Khatsirevich V. G., Kuleshov A. Ya.
Modelling of the sensing device of pressure strength for the classifier of dominant sign of a personal signature. pp. 76--84

Summary: The conceptual model is proposed for construction of the system of the fast authenticity of a man based on dynamic parameters of his personal signature being formed in real time. The approach is based on using a method of two-stage identification of script information concerning the plot of a personal signature. At technical realization of the approach, dynamical dominant script tags are being formed by a pen instrumental system of a hybrid type. As a prime sensor transformer of a dominant script tag into an electric parameter, the system uses tensosensitive resistive element of the direct transformation of the pressure of the writing element.

Haber P. N., Sadykhov R. Kh.
Image compression algorithms and technologies. Part III. Modern technologies of image compression. pp. 85--97

Summary: The final third part of the survey is devoted to modern technologies of image compression. The article presents conventional algorithms such as JPEG 2000, DjVu and MrSID. The discussed technologies introduce complicated and compound algorithms - the combination of the best achievements in a field of processing and coding of the 2D signals. Thus these algorithms reflect modern progress achieved by image compression technology, since at present apart from simple effective compression of the input stream, it offers many additional services to transmit, store and process the 2D information.

RADIOELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENT MAKING

Kolosov S. V., Kurayev A. A., Kharseyev A. P.
Three-dimensional equations for the longitudinally-irregular waveguide with finite conduction of the walls. pp. 98--103

Summary: The three-dimensional excitation equations for the longitudinally-irregular circular waveguides with finite conductions of the walls by electron beams in completed form for self-consistent models of gyrotrons, relativistic TWT and BWO, gyrotons and peniotrons had been derived.

DIAGNOSTICS AND SAFETY OF TECHNICAL AND ENVIRONMENT SYSTEMS

Matyuk V. F., Kratirov V. B., Burak V. A.
Magnetic field of eddy current above the surface of flat conductor in the process of subjecting it to the pulsed magnetic field of the superimposed solenoid. pp. 104--110

Summary: It is shown, that in the process of the influence of the pulse of primary magnetic field the secondary magnetic field upon the surface of the test specimen changes along the loop like the distorted ellipse, having two polarities (the negative from the leading edge and the positive from the trailing edge of the pulse) for the nonferromagnetic materials and single polarity for the ferromagnetic materials. For the nonconducting ferromagnetic materials this loop contracts to the single line. For the materials having high electrical conductivity with high rate of the rise and of the droop of the pulse of primary magnetic field the maximum value of the magnetic eddy current field is comparable with the amplitude of the primary magnetic field. Even for the materials having comparatively low electrical conductivity the maximum value of the secondary magnetic field from the eddy currents has the considerable magnitude. It is shown, that for the elimination of the appreciable influence of the eddy current field on the pulsed magnetization results it is necessary to reduce the rate of the magnetic field rise up to 10⁸ A/(m•s), and the rate of the field droop -- up to 10⁷ A/(m•s).

Martsynkevich B. A., Fokau A. Yu., Khilmanovich A. M.
Interrelation of experiment and calculation. Investigation of characteristics of nuclear-physical processes and systems. pp. 111--121

Summary: General aspects of "experiment -- calculation" interrelation are considered. The discussion is illustrated with the example of determination of nuclear system parameters: nuclear reactions rates and neutron spectrum. Evident success achieved by construction and analysis of mathematical models, including numerical methods, cause significant confidence in research, which is sometimes overestimated. Due to this fact, the paper proposes to complete the generally accepted procedure of scientific research, namely "analytical calculation ® experimental measurement ® processing of experimental data", with the fourth element joint analysis of experimental and analytical results, and introduction of corrections into initial data". For the proposed additional step of scientific research, methodical activities must be done. In particular, contribution of individual components to the total variance must be determined, including the mathematical method used for the problem solving and numeric calculations procedure.

SCIENTISTS OF BELARUS

Vladimir Vladimirovich Klubovich (On his 75th birthday). pp. 122--124
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