Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Chemical Sci., 2008, No.4
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Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Chemical Sci., 2008, No.4
| Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
(Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF CHEMICAL SCIENCESPublished by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus |
Number 4, 2008
This journal issue is dedicated to 50th anniversary of Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus and contains publications of scientists working at this Institute in such fields of research as surface phenomena at phase interfaces, structuring processes in dispersions of natural minerals, development of physical and chemical fundamentals for action and application of surfactants, water-soluble polymers and polymeric complexes in water-saline media, methods for controlling aggregative stability of disperse materials and media, synthesis of new adsorbents, composite and nanostructured materials. Considerable attention is paid to research topics dealing with refining of production technology for mineral fertilizers, new reagents and materials for construction and road-building.
CONTENTS
Krut'ko N. P.
The Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of NASB: 50th anniversary. pp. 5--12
Summary: The short information on the history of foundation of the Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of NASB has been presented; the progress made in the recent 10 years has been discussed.
Krut'ko N. P., Shevchuk V. V., Ovseenko L. V.
On scientific-technical support of RUE "PA "Belaruskali" by the Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of NASB. pp. 13--18
Summary: The overview of research done for RUE "PA "Belaruskali" by the Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of NASB has been given. It has been demonstrated that efficient scientific-technical support for RUE "PA "Belaruskali" by the Institute is necessary and promising.
Krut'ko N. P., Shevtsuk W. W., Markin A. D., Dikhtievskaya L. D., Shlomina L. F.
Development of effective reagent conditions of flotation enrichment of potassium ore of Starobin deposit. pp. 19--24
Summary: Results of investigations for improvement reagent conditions of flotation enrichment of potassium ore of Starobin deposit have been present and generalized.
Mozheyko F. F., Potkina T. N.
Physico-chemical principles for enrichment of highly clayey off-balance sylvinite ores. pp. 25--32
Summary: Physico-chemical fundamentals for enrichment of off-balance sylvinite ores have been discussed. Non-traditional methods for processing of these ores have been described. It has been shown that anion collector reagents are highly efficient for flotation of highly clayey sylvinite ores. The combined method of highly clayey sylvinite ore flotation enrichment using the anion-cation scheme allows processing potassium ores with high content of insoluble residue.
Mozheyko F F., Potkina T. N., Goncharik I. I.
Enrichment of Belarusian phosphorite ores. pp. 33--40
Summary: Parameters for washing and dispersing of Mstislsvle deposit nodular phosphorites have been determined. The possibility for additional enrichment of washed phosphorite concentrates by the anionic flotation method has been shown. Obtained phosphorite concentrates are suitable for chemical processing after two re-purifications. Main flotation concentrates can be used as 3rd grade phosphorite flour without re-purification.
Komarov V. S., Leonenko L. I., Rat'ko A. I., Zonov Yu. G.
The effect of preparation conditions on structural parameters of chromium and copper hydroxides. pp. 41--44
Summary: The relationship between adsorption-structural properties of chromium and copper hydroxides, initial solution concentration and precipitation temperature has been studied. It has been shown that the Vs and Ss of chromium hydroxide increase both with the source solution concentration and the temperature of precipitation. It has been established that the formation of porous structure of chromium and copper hydroxides depends both on the form and dispersion of colloidal particles and on the formation temperature. The mechanism and specific features of structuring have been discussed and theoretically substantiated.
Kitikova N. V., Shashkova I. L., Rat'ko A. I.
Calcium phosphates' structure formation depending on precipitation conditions. pp. 45--49
Summary: The effect of ionic composition, pH, concentration of reagents and speed of precipitating agent addition during the synthesis of basic and neutral calcium phosphates using chemical precipitation from solutions on structure defectiveness and properties of final products had been established using IR-spectroscopy, X-ray and chemical analysis methods.
Krut'ko N. P., Opanasenko O. N., Ovseenko L. V., Ostrovskaya E. F., Zhigalova O. L., Luksha O. V., Plikus O. A.
Bitumen emulsion-mineral systems: controlling of properties and using in highway engineering. pp. 50--61
Summary: Colloidal properties of surfactants belonging to various classes and regulation of structuring processes in disperse systems have been studied. Technology for surface treatment of road coverings using cationic bitumen emulsions and cubiform rubble; technology for preparation and application of gravel-emulsion mixtures, technology for preparation and use of cold storable emulsion-mineral mixtures for patching; technology for blanketing of road covering by cold cast road concrete mixes have been developed.
Krut'ko N. P., Opanasenko O. N., Luksha O. V.
The effect of the polymer nature on structuring processes in bitumen compositions. pp. 62--69
Summary: The effect of co-polymers with varied chemical composition and chain structure (ethylene -- vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene -- butyl aery late (EBA), and styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) block co-polymers) upon structural and rheological properties of polymer-bitumen compositions (PBC) has been studied. Adhesive properties of PBCes prepared from SBS and, EVA, and their stability towards thermooxidative destruction have been investigated. Peculiarities of the effect of individual co-polymers have been analyzed, and, on this basis, the composite polymeric additive containing SBS and EVA has been developed, and properties of PBC prepared with this additive, have been studied. It has been established that componens of the additive act sinergetically, improving both mechanical and structural properties of the oxidized bitumen. It has been also shown that quantitative estimation of deformation and durability properties for polymer-bitumen compositions by means of structural and rheological studies allows prediction of PBC behavior under real operation conditions.
Opanasenko O. N., Krut'ko N. P., Ostrovskaya E. F.
Adsorption of cationic surfactants from bitumen emulsions on granite surface. pp. 70--76
Summary: Adsorption of cationic surfactants with the same hydrocarbon chain length and different structure of hydrophilic part, on liquid/gas and liquid/solid interfaces has been studied. Colloid-chemical characteristics of cationic surfactants have been determined. The change of surface properties for mineral materials treated by cationic surfactant solutions has been investigated. It has been established that modification of the mineral material surface by cationic surfactant leads to hydrophobization of surface and reduces its free energy that proves presence of strongly adsorbed layers of cationic surfactant on the surface of the mineral material.
Vorobiova E. V., Krut'ko N. P., Vorobiov P. D., Cherednichenko D. V., Basalyga I. I.
Flocculation of clay-saline dispersions by polyelectrolites and their complexes. pp. 77--80
Summary: Flocculation of clay-saline dispersions using polyacrylamide compounds and compositions thereof has been studied. Details of cationic and anionic acrylamide co-polymers' interaction with clay particles and with each other, forming a polyelectrolyte complex on the clay surface, has been investigated. The mechanism for clay particle flocculation in salt media by introducing oppositely charged polyelectrolytes into the system, has been suggested. It has been demonstrated that use of polyelectrolyte complexes improves clay flocculation in salt medium.
Matrunchik Yu. V., Vorobiova E. V., Basalyga I. I., Krut'ko N. P.
Polymeric hudrogels from polyacrylic acid and poly vynil alcohol. pp. 81--84
Summary: The effect of components' proportion in a polymeric complex based on poly(aerylie acid) and polyvinyl alcohol), as well as its synthesis conditions, upon its hydroheat-sink properties have been studied. It has been shown that the degree of polymeric complex swelling increases under following conditions: pH of initial polymer solutions = 1,2--1,4, synthesis temperature = 120--140 °C, PAA: PVA proportion = 7:1--12:1, pH of the external solution during swelling = 6--8.
Koshevar V. D., Shkadratsova V. G, Potronnikova I. N.
Rheological properties of doughs based on pigments with core-shell structure. pp. 85--88
Summary: The effect of concentration of the filler pigment with core-shell structure, the stabilizer and the rheological additive on flowing of color doughs has been investigated. It has been found that flow of doughs can be described using Bingham model for viscous-plastic systems. Markedly nonlinear relationship between viscosity and shear stress or viscosity and deformation speed, with pronounced static yield point, has been established. It has been found that Bingham viscosity depends directly on filming agent concentration and extremely -- on rheological additive concentration.
Shinkareva E. V., Koshevar V. D., Budeyko N. L., Popova O. A.
The effect of inorganic electrolytes on stability and structural and rheological properties of dispersions based on epoxy oligomers. pp. 89--93
Summary: It has been found that introduction of inorganic electrolytes into a dispersion composed of epoxy oligomers and surfactants reduces the size of disperse phase particles, i. e. causes spontaneous dispersing, as well as changes structural and rheological properties of dispersions.
Krutsko E. N., Kulak A. I.
Titanium dioxide photocatalysts on phosphate substrates. pp. 94--99
Summary: New composite photocatalysts based on nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (anatase) deposited onto magnesium, aluminum, zirconium, calcium (hydroxyapatite), and titanium phosphate substrates have been developed. The greatest activity for Rhodamine C photodestruction has been shown by the composite titanium dioxide-magnesium phosphate photocatalyst annealed at 750°C. Despite the fact that proposed photocatalysts contained only 30 mass.% of titanium dioxide, their activity was substantially higher than that of commercially available photocatalyst "Hombikat UV 100" containing 99% of titanium dioxide.
Krutsko V. K., Kulak A. I., Lesnikovich L. A., Musskaya O. N., Troflmova I. V.
Composite biomaterials and coatings based on nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite. pp. 100--105
Summary: Composite biomaterials based on nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) immobilized on textile cellulose substrate or carbon fabric and felt have been developed. Cellulose and carbon substrates have been modified by impregnation with 3--7 wt.% HA gel or by a solution containing 3--5% polyvinyl alcohol solution, 5% glycerol (plasticizer) and 3--7 mas.% nano-HA powder; or by centrifugation in 3.3 wt.% HA gel at 3000 rpm 10 min. The calcium phosphate coatings on stainless steel and carbon (fabric, felt) substrates have been obtained using electrochemical deposition method in 0.624/ 0.374 M CaCl2/ NH4H2PO4 electrolyte at pH 3.7--3.9 and current density of 5--120 mA/cm2 during 1--20 min. It has been determined that calcium phosphate coatings on stainless steel substrates consist of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (brushite) CaHPO4 • 2H2O and a-tricalcium phosphate a-Ca3(PO4)2; the coatings deposited onto carbon substrates additionally include an octacalcium phosphate Ca8H2(PO4)6 • 5H2O phase.
Ulyanova T. M., Krut'ko N. P., Titova L. V., Medichenko S. V., Paemurd E. S.
Structure and physico-chemical properties of fibrous composite powders based on refractory alumina and zirconia. pp. 106--115
Summary: The formation processes for fiber- and powder-like nanograms of aluminium, zirconium and yttrium oxides have been studied. Nanostructured fibers and powders have been prepared by biomimetic method based on treatment of hydrated cellulose fibrils by salt solutions followed by drying and annealing. Correlation between particle sizes, composition, structure and properties has been established.
Luneva N. K., Petrovskaya L. I., Ezavitova T. I., Ivaniutina A. V., Tsialpuk K. A.
Phosphorylation of cellulose-containing materials. pp. 116--120
Summary: The process of cellulose phosphorylation by polyphosphoric acids in the water-free medium and in solutions has been studied. It has shown that phosphorus-containing structures in cellulose ester groups contain mostly pyrophosphoric forms. Using phosphorylating compounds for the carbohydrate-lignin complex treatment produces wood of reduced combustibility, meeting the requirements for hardly flammable and/or fire-resistant materials.
Shinkareva E. V., Safonova A. M., Zonov Yu. G.
Paintwork conductors containing nickel-coated glass microspheres. pp. 121--123
Summary: It has been shown that nickel-coated hollow glass microspheres can be used as conducting and heat-insulating fillers of paintwork materials for producing highly conductive coatings with good heat-saving properties.
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