Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Chemical Sci., 2008, No.3
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Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Chemical Sci., 2008, No.3
| Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
(Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF CHEMICAL SCIENCESPublished by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus |
Number 3, 2008
CONTENTS
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Lubinski N. N., Bashkirov L. A., Shauchenka S. V., Petrov G. S., Sirota I. M.
Crystal structure and IR-spectra of cobaltite-gallates NdCo1-xGaxO3. pp. 5--9
Summary: Solid solutions of neodymium cobaltite-gallates NdCo1-xGaxO3 (x = 0; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.5; 0.7; 0.8; 0.9; 1.0) have been prepared by a ceramic method. X-Ray phase analysis of samples has shown that at 0 £ x £ 0.5, continuous series of solid solutions with cubic structure and at 0 £ x £ 0.5, with rhombically (orthorhombically) distorted perovskite structure have been formed. It has been observed that crystal structure parameters and elementary cell volumes of corresponding solid solutions increased linearly with x increase. It has been found that morphotropic boundary separating existence regions for solid solutions with cubic and rhombically distorted perovskite structure, lies near x » 0.55. It has been shown that IR spectra of solid solutions, obtained at 350--900 cm-1, contain one or two stretching vibration bands and two deformation vibration bands. Using concentration dependency for one of the deformation vibration bands, the corresponding morphotropic boundary has also been determined and shown to be the same as one determined from crystal structure parameters.
Salychits O. I., Orehova S. E.
Kinetics of zinc shpinel formation in ZnO--Al2O3--SiO2 system. pp. 10--14
Summary: Kinetic equations and activation energy for process of ZnAl2O4 formation in ZnO--Al2O3--SiO2 system for compositions containing ZnO and (ZnOH)2CO3 as zinc sources at 1373--1473 K have been established. It has been found that reaction rate is somewhat greater when zinc hydroxycarbonate is used as a zinc source. Two possible mechanisms of ZnAl2O4 formation have been discussed, on the basis of published data.
COLLOIDAL CHEMISTRY
Komarov V. S., Leonenko L. I., Rat'ko A. I.
Adsorptional and structural properties of metal hydroxides depending upon their precipitation temperature. pp. 15--18
Summary: Sorption by aluminum, magnesium and ferric hydroxides obtained from solutions at different concentrations and temperatures, has been studied. It has been shown that sorption capacity of samples changes linearly with temperature and concentration. Adsorbents obtained, particularly when precipitated at 60--80 °C, are characterized by greater adsorption capacity and specific surface, and differ not only structurally, but also by void space volume distribution in relation to efficient radii.
Komarov V. S., Mil'vit N. V., Rat'ko A. I.
Synthesis of highly active adsorbents based on carbonate tripoli. pp. 19--23
Summary: The process of acid and base activation of heat-treated carbonate containing tripoli has been investigated. It has been shown that wollastonite obtained at 850 °C is readily soluble in acids and alkali. The adsorption-structural studies indicate that the alkaline method of activation is the most efficient among examined ones.
Makarevich N. A., Palamarchuk I. A., Boytsova T. A., Brovko O. S., Afanas'ev N. I.
Polyelectrolyte complexes based on lignosulfonic acid, chitosan and polyethylenepolyamine. pp. 24--28
Summary: Physico-chemical properties of water solutions containing lignosulfonic acid, chitosanes, and polyethylenepolyamine has been studied. Hydrodynamical, molecular and conformation characteristics of these polyelectrolytes have been estimated. On the basis of viscosity, conductivity and surface tension data, it has been concluded that complexation in lignosulfonate--chitosane and lignosulfonate--polyethylenepolyamine systems will occur at the solution-gas phase boundary.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Shadryna V. I., Shutava T. G., Agabekov V. E.
Multilayer films based on polystyrenesulfonate and fluoresceinlabeled poly(allylamine hydrochloride). pp. 29--32
Summary: The possibility for formation of fluorescent multilayer films containing up to 25 bilayers of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) labeled with fluorescein and polystyrenesulfonate by the layer-by-layer method has been shown. Films with less then 6 polycation /polyanion bilayers are uniform, defect-free with a surface roughness below 3 nm.
Soldatov V. S., Pushkarchuk A. L.
Quantum chemistry simulation of acetic acid dissociation in water solution. pp. 33--37
Summary: Dissociation enthalpies for acetic acid (CH3COOH), depending upon O--H distance during dissociation, have been calculated by PM3 method using a supermolecule approximation. Changes of dissociation enthalpy, atomic structure for ionic CH3COOH, CH3COC- and H+(H3O+) ions have been tracked along the reaction path. Specific features of molecular geometry change during the process have been established.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Lakhvich F. A., Petrusevich I. I., Ogeiko N. H., Lakhvich O. F.
Synthesis of analogues for Lepidoptera kai-romones, derivatives of Ñ14-, Ñ16-, Ñ18- 2-acylcyclohexane-1,3-diones with an additional keto group in the ring. pp. 38--42
Summary: Synthesis of 3-alkanoyl-6,6-dimethylcyclohexane-l,2,4-triones -- analogues of Lepidoptera kairomones -- has been performed via hydrogenation of 3-alkyl-6,6-dimethyl-7-hydrobenzo[d]izoxazol-4,5-diones, followed by alkaline hydrolysis of enaminotriketones.
Petkevich S. K., Potkin V. I.
Synthesis of functionally substituted thiazoles from 2-bromo-l-(4-methyphenyl)-3,4,4-trichloro-3-buten-1-one. pp. 43--46
Summary: Sulfanyl amides with functionally substituted thiazole cycl and thiazole-oxazoline bis-heterocyclic product have been synthesized from 2-amino-4-(4-methylphenyl)-3-trichlorovinylthiazole previously obtained by the condensation of 2-bromo-1-(4-methylphenyl)-3,4,4-trichloro-3-buten-1-one with thiourea.
Khripach V. A., Litvinovskaya R. P., Raiman M. E., Drach S. V., Zhabinskii V. N., Sviridov O. V., Pryadko A. G., Novik T. V.
Synthesis and immunochemical determination of 28-homobrassinosteroids. pp. 47--58
Summary: Synthesis of 28-homobrassinosteroids from stigmasterol has been performed. Conjugates of 28-homocastasterone with bovine serum albumin and horseradish peroxidase have been prepared and used for developing highly efficient and selective test-system for immunochemical determination of 28-homobrassinolide, 28-homocastasterone, and 6-desoxo-28-homocasta-sterone.
Kauhanka M. N., Charnou Ju. G., Sokolov S. N., Kashkan Zh. N., Survila U. L.
Synthesis of new imidacloprid structural analogues by the reaction of 2-chloro-5-chloromethylpyridine with amines. pp. 59--64
Summary: Novel structural analogues of imidacloprid, a known insecticide, have been prepared. The key step of the synthesis consists in alkylation of various amines by 2-chloro-5-chloromethylpyridine.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Potapovich M. V., Zheldakova T. A., Rubinov D. B., Eryomin A. N.
The effect of tralkoxydim and related compounds on 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine peroxidase-catalysed oxydation. pp. 65--73
Summary: Efficiency of the effect of tralkoxydime (MT-2) and its derivatives on horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in the water -- %% dimethylformamide (DMF) mixture depends on the presence of b-triketone or b-diketone and oxime fragments in their structure. MT-2 and its precursor, containing the b-triketone fragment, effectively activated HRP in the tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) oxidation. Products of light- and water-induced MT-2 decomposition did not have any significant effect on HRP. It has been found that one of the products of the MT-2 hydrolytic decomposition (2-amino-5-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)cyclohexane-1,3-dione hydrochloride) participates in the HRP co-oxidation of TMB as an inhibitor. Increasing concentrations of the universal, citrate-phosphate (CPB) and tris-HCl buffers, pH ~ 8, decreased the MT-2 ability to activate HRP. Increasing the MT-2 concentration in CPB (pH 6.5) substantially increased effective Km, kcat and kcat/Km and decreased the activation constant of HRP in the TMB oxidation and the H2O2 reduction. In H2O2 reduction, the character of the HRP activation in the presence of MT-2 (1.0--7.0 mM) is noncompetitive (Ka = 2.0--5.3 mM). In HRP oxidation of TMB, with the increase of the MT-2 concentration, the transitive inhibition (1.0 mM), then mixed (2.0 and 3.0 mM) and unmatched (4.0 and 7.0 mM) activation is observed.
POLYMER CHEMISTRY
Yermalinskaya T. M., Fen'ko L. A., Bil'dyukevich A. B.
Effect of precipitation conditions on the structure of fluoroplastic membranes. pp. 74--80
Summary: The potential of producing high-permeable porous films from two-component polymer-solvent systems by phase inversion method has been analyzed. Three fluoropolymers with different main chain structure were used as membrane forming polymers: F2-polyvinilydenedifluoride, F32-trifluorochloroethylene and vinilydenedifluoride copolymer, F42-tetrafluoroethelene and vinilydenedifluoride copolymer. The effect of coagulation conditions and polymer chain structure on the morphology of films have been studied. Precipitation in water coagulation bath results in asymmetric structure with skin layer and large finger-like macrovoids beneath it. Coagulation in 80% DMF (DMA) bath causes the formation of the same structure, but without macrovoids. In case of ethanol coagulation bath, membrane with particular morphology, composed of small interconnected particulate globule-like entities has been formed. It has been assumed that differences in film structure are determined by chain structure and specific features of interaction between non-solvent from coagulation bath and fiuoropolymer.
Hloba A. I., Krutko E. T.
Effect of modifier and active filler on (poly)pyromellitimide thermal imidization. pp. 81--86
Summary: Thermal imidization of PAA based on 4,4'-diaminodiphenyloxide and pyromellitic dianhydride modified by cinnamic and acetylenedicarboxylic acids as well as 4,4'-bis-(dimethylamine)-benzophenone, has been studied by IR-spectroscopy. The catalytic effect of 4,4'-bis-(dimethylamine)-benzophenone on the imidization process has been revealed. The experimental data on the effect of SiO2 upon the imidization kinetics and phy sico-mechanical properties of films based on PAA-SiO2 compositions are presented.
GEOCHEMISTRY
Kudel'sky A. V., Pashkevich V. I.
Geochemical 137Cs-decontamination of fish populations in a closed lake reservoir. pp. 87--91
Summary: A full-scale, 11 years long (1997--2007) experiment on the artificial introduction of potassium (as KCl) in a non-drainage lake as a countermeasure to the 137Cs accumulation in fish has been performed. The K+ content in water has been increased from 1 to 10 mg/dm3, and, as a consequence, a stable decrease of A 137Cs in fish by 47--82% (red-eye on the average by 63--69%, roach and perch -- 47--82, pike -- 53--81%) has been recorded. An increase of the 137Cs concentration in water from 3.8 to 10-18 Bq/dm3 due to radioactive cesium desorption from bottom sediments caused by excess potassium, has been noted as a side effect.
TECHNICAL CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
Sakovich A. A., Kuz'menkov M. I.
Hardening of clinker minerals and portland cement modified by a sulfoaluminate additive. pp. 92--96
Summary: The mechanism of hydration activation processes in Portland cement clinker has been established. It has been found that sulfoalumi-nate, calcium sulphosilicate and anhydrite addition accelerates hydration of highly basic and slightly basic calcium silicates, as well as the aluminate part of clinker. The optimal amount of calcium hydrosulfoaluminate for high hardening rate of cement stone at the early step of the process, has been determined.
Chernisheva T. V., Lamotkin S. A., Lamotkin A. I., Shpak S. I., Shashok G. S., Kalnahorau K. R., Drozd N. M., Ozhog O. N.
Synthesis and properties of cross-linking modifying agent based of maleopimaric acid. pp. 97--101
Summary: A new polyfunctional modifying agent, maleopimaric acid (MPA) amide cobalt salt, has been synthesized. The physico-chemical characteristics of the target compound and intermediate products of the synthesis have been determined. Structure of the target compound has been proved by chromatographic and spectral methods. Tests have shown that that MPA amide cobalt salt is well compatible with elastomeric matrix.
Bobkova N. M.
Using granite siftings as raw material for production of bottle glass. pp. 102--105
Summary: The possibility of introducing AL2O3 in colored glass compositions using a cheap local source of alumina, granite siftings produced as a waste in gravel production. Granite siftings can be recommended as the alumina-containing raw material providing the necessary quality characteristics for glass produced. Their use can also help to solve the problem of waste utilization.
Belous N. H., Koshevar V. D., Rodtsevich S. R.
Composite retarding agent for plasticized fine-grained concretes. pp. 106--110
Summary: Composite retarding agents based on polysiloxane emulsion and acid additives have been developed. They have additive effect upon mobility of concrete mixtures plasticized by a polycarboxylate super-plasticizer, its stability in time. They also improve strength properties of fine-grained concretes obtained.
Chernaya N. V., Chubis R. A.
Peculiarities of using a filling agent in sized fibrous substance. pp. 111--115
Summary: It has been established that for higher efficiency of the filling process of paper and cardboard sized with tall rosin modified by monoethylcellosolve maleate, it is necessary to shift the sizing process from traditional homocoagulation mode to more economical mode -- heterocoagulation of peptized particles, thus increasing the degree of filler retention from 60 to 80%.
SCIENTISTS OF BELARUS
Lesnikovich A.I., Krut'ko N.P., Lakhvich F.A. et al.
Romma Efimovich Ayzberg (On the occasion of 75th birthday). pp. 116--118
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Lesnikovich A.I., Krut'ko N.P., Agabekov V.Ye. et al.
Alexei Vasil'evich Matveev (On the occasion of 70th birthday). pp. 119--121
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Lesnikovich A.I., Krut'ko N.P., Agabekov V.Ye. et al.
Sergei Alexandrovich Usanov (On the occasion of 60th birthday). pp. 122--123
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