Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Chemical Sci., 2007, No.3
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Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Chemical Sci., 2007, No.3
| Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
(Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF CHEMICAL SCIENCESPublished by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus |
Number 3, 2007
CONTENTS
COLLOIDAL CHEMISTRY
Komarov V. S., Leonenko L. I., Rat'ko A. I.
Clay-hydroxide and clay-oxide adsorbents. pp. 5--9
Summary: The conditions for modifying a clay mineral (montmorillonite) structure by solutions of inorganic salts, have been studied. The concentration of salt providing maximum uptake of obtained clay-hydroxide and clay-oxide adsorbents, has been determined. Results of adsorption and structural studies of samples heated at 550 °C show that structure of the clay mineral changes with increase of the dehydration temperature. Sorption capacity and specific surface of such samples decreased 1.1--1.5 and 1.1--2.3 times, respectively, compared to those treated at 300 °C.
Vorobiov P. D., Vorobiova E. V., Krutko N. P., Shestak I. V.
The effect of low molecular weight salts on colloid-chemical and flocculation properties of polyacrylamide and its co-polymers. pp. 10--14
Summary: The effect of low molecular weight electrolytes on rheological and flocculation properties of polyacrylamide and its copolymers, as well as the effect of the addition of polymers and low molecular weight electrolytes on electrokinetic and rheological behaviour of suspension, has been studied. It has been established that electrostatic forces between surface charges and ionogenic groups along polymer chain play an important role in interaction of solids and polymers.
Rat'ko A. I., Ivanets A. I., Azarov S. M.
Preparation of macroporous ceramic based on cristalline silicon dioxide. pp. 15--22
Summary: The effect of the particle size distribution of crystalline silica, pressure and coupling agent amount on the formation, structure and strength of macroporous ceramic based on crystalline silicon dioxide, have been investigated. The conditions for synthesis of macroporous (pore size >50 µrn) ceramic with compression strength of more than 35MPa and porosity of 28--35%, have been determined.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Pachytskaya I. M., Litvyak V. V.
Aminoacid composition of the potato concentrate. pp. 23--27
Summary: It has been established that the potato concentrate has unique aminoacid composition and can be used as a base of the whole spectrum of functional drinks with preventive or therapeutic function. The concentrate contain Gly,Ala, Val, Leu, He, Met, Phe, Tyr, Thr, Asp, Glu, Arg, His in amounts of 3.9; 8.1; 8.9; 5.4; 7.7; 1.5; 3.9; 2.6; 4.6; 37.8; 69.6; 15.8; 8.1 mg in 100 g, accordingly. During thermal processing of the concentrate, a certain amount of amino acids is spent in chemical reactions forming organoleptic properties.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Zaitsau Dz. H, Baranov Y V., Kabo G. J.
Diffusion of 2-methylbut-3-ene-2-ol through polyethylene films. pp. 28--32
Summary: The temperature dependence of permeability for 0.05 and 0.1 mm thick polyethylene films to gaseous 2-methyl-3-butene-2-ol has been experimentally obtained. Diffusion coefficients of 2-methyl-3-butene-2-ol in air have been measured and calculated. The possible causes of disagreement between experimental and calculated values are discussed.
Rabchynski S. M., Lisiankou A. D., Streltsov E. A., Kosyachenko L. A.
Electrochemical preparation of photosensitive CdTe films on Ti substrates. pp. 33--37
Summary: Photoelectrochemical behavior of CdTe films deposited at constant potentials exceeding the equilibrium potential ECd2+/Cd0 by 10 and 235 mV, has been studied. Increase of underpotential shift decreases the concentration of cadmium adatoms code-posited with Te during electrosynthesis of CdTe. This results in non-stoihiometric composition (tellurium excess) and formation of crystallites with p-type conductivity. Study of the photopotential spectral dependence showed that spectral response boundary for films deposited at 235 mV underpotential shift, appears to be significantly (up to 100 nm) shifted to long wavelength area, compared to those deposited at 10 mV underpotential shift.
Velikanova I. A., Belomyttseva I. Y, Ivanova N. P., Zharsky I. M.
Use of wearproof anodes based on iridium, manganese, cobalt and nickel oxides for preparation of sodium hypochlorite. pp. 38--41
Summary: Influence of active layer structure, anode base material and conditions of electrolysis upon current efficiency and sodium hypochlorite concentration has been investigated. It has been established that presence of iridium oxides in the active layer substantially increases efficiency of sodium hypochlorite preparation process.
Khizhnyak K A., Yukhnevich A. V.
Defects of the (100) single-crystal silicon surface etched in potassium hydroxide-based solutions. pp. 42--45
Summary: Micro- and nano-relief details of (001) single-crystal silicon surface, forming upon etching in potassium hydroxide water solutions of various concentration at different temperatures as well as with new modifying additives, KMnO4 and KNO3, have been investigated. It has been shown that the most probable reason for formation of Si(001) defects is temporal local masking adsorption of silicon etching products on the surface.
Bildyukevich A. A., Vodopyanova L. A., Kuvaeva Z. I.
Threonine extraction from water solution using dinonyl-naphtalenesulfonic acid. pp. 46--50
Summary: Threonine extraction by dinonylnaphtalene sulfonic acid has been investigated. It has been shown that the best extraction results are obtained at low pH values (~2). Presence of a hydrophilic group in the amino acid molecule impedes threonine transfer from water into organic phase. Increasing the percentage of threonine cationic form virtually does not affect water content in extractant. In presence of the zwitterionic form, water sorption decreased. This fact can be explained by intermolecular bond formation due to OH group presence in the side chain of threonine molecule . Existence of various ionic forms of threonine in extractant phase has been confirmed by IR-spectroscopy.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Sokolov V. L., Naidenov V. E., Knizhnikova A. N., Lopatik D. V.
Synthesis of N6-trifluoroacetyl-L-lysyl-L-proline dipeptide. pp. 51--55
Summary: Various ways of dipeptide Lys(TFA)-Pro synthesis have been investigated.
The convenient scheme of the synthesis by carboxyanhydride method has been proposed.
Dikusar E. A., Potkin V. I., Kozlov N. G, Yuvchenko A. P.
Synthesis of aromatic azomethines from anesthesine and derivatives of vanilline and vanillal. pp. 56--58
Summary: A method for synthesis of novel aromatic azomethines containing ether and ester groups from vanillin, vanillal and their esters by reaction with ethyl 4-aminobenzoate in absolute methanol, has been described.
Kauhanka M. N., Sokolov S. N., Survila U. L., Tsvetkova T. M.
Synthesis of new structural analogues of ec-dysteroid agonist methoxyfenozide. pp. 59--63
Summary: Novel l-tert-butyl-1,2-diacylhydrazines, structural analogues of known insecticide methoxyphenozide, have been were prepared. Symmetrical 1-tert-butyl-1,2-diacylhydrazines have been synthesized by reaction of tert-butylhydrazine with excess of various methoxybenzoylchlorides. Use of equimolar reagent amounts has produced monoacyl derivatives, and their further acylation has resulted in nonsymmetrical 1-alkyl-1,2-diacylhydrazines.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Grigorenko Y. A., Karasyova E. I., Metelitza D. I., Shadyro O. I.
Peroxidase-catalyzed co-oxidation of tetramethylbenzidine in presence of aminophenols. pp. 64--71
Summary: The mixed inhibition of the tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation at 20 ° C by p-aminophenol (p-AP) at pH 5.8-7.4 and o-aminophenol (o-AP) at pH 6.3 has been characterized by the inhibition constants Ki varying in the range (2.8-6.4)T(T4 M and by the stoichiometric inhibition coefficients f, being approximately 2.0 for n-AP and 2.6 for o-AP. m-Aminophenol and N-acyl-2-aminophenol decrease the rate of the TMB oxidation and at concentrations of ~0.5 mM stop the process of peroxidaze oxidation. N-acyl-4-aminophenol slightly activates the peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of TMB at 20 ° C and pH 6.3. Kinetic parameters of inhibition for the TMB peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation by different aminophenols have been compared.
Budnikova L. P., Potapovich M V., Tarun E. L, Rubinov D. B., Semashko T. V, Mikhailova R V., Eryomin A N.
Effect of herbicide tralkoxydime on catalytic activity of glucose oxidases, peroxidase and urease. pp. 72--81
Summary: The efficiency of tralkoxydim influence on the catalytic activity of glucose oxidases (GO) from Aspergillus niger and Penicillium funiculosum, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), soybean urease and GO-HRP pair, has been compared in the water-organic and reverse-micellar media. Tralkoxydim decreases the activity of GO and urease, but activates oxidation of tetra-methylbenzidine and o-phenylenediamine in presence of HRP and GO--HRP pair. The efficiency of tralkoxydim influence on HRP activity depends upon the substrate being oxidized, dimethylformamide concentration in the water solution, as well as presence of buffer salts in solution and low-molecular components of the mushroom cultural broth. Urease and HRP are enzymes most sensitive to the effector action of tralkoxydim (5--100 µM).
Litvinko N. M., Kuchuro S. V., Rakhuba G. A., Gerlovsky D. O., Rubinov D. B., Zheldakova T. A.
Effect of graminicide "grasp" on activity of pancreatic phospholipase A2. pp. 82--87
Summary: Hydrolysis of natural phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phospatidylserine (PS) in micellar phase formed by surfactants with different charge (Triton X-100, sodium desoxycholate and cholate), before and after treatment of the enzyme with tralkoxydim, its chemical precursor (MT-1) and some of its metabolites (MT-3 -- MT-6), have been studied. It has been found that only MT-1 shows substantial inhibiting effect. Lipolysis rate in micellar phase formed by PC and sodium desoxycholate in presence of MT-1, is two times less than the control value. Effect of MT-1 -- MT-6 has been detected only at the beginning step of the reaction.
GEOCHEMISTRY
Sokolik G. A., Ovsiannikova S. V., Kimlenka I. M.
Use of complexing cation-exchanger resin for investigation of actinides' state and migration ability in soils. pp. 88--96
Summary: Possibilities for application of carboxylic resin for studying state, migration ability and biological availability of actinides in soils have been shown, using plutonium isotopes as an example. Carboxylic resin can extract into water phase the organic components usually present in soil solution of the plant root nutrition soil zone, together with actinides bound with such compounds. In the presence of carboxylic resin, radioactive elements in migratory active (mobile) forms transfer into the soil solution under milder condition than in the traditionally used method of selective extraction by 1M HCl. Application of carboxylic resin makes it possible to study the state of actinides in more details and receives more comprehensive information.
POLYMER CHEMISTRY
Rusetski D. V., Ivashkevich O. A., Dolinskaya R. M., Shcherbina E. I.
Effect of processing temperature and curing agent composition on structure formation of elastomeric compounds. pp. 97--100
Summary: It has been shown that, to obtain acrylate rubbers with equally distributed cross-links, vulcanization must be done below 160°C. Vulcanization at higher temperatures leads to increase of destruction and structure formation rates and, subsequently, produces irregular structure of the elastomeric composition.
TECHNICAL CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
Krut'ko N. P., Shevchuk V. V., Markin A. D., Shlomina L. E, Dikhtievskaya L. V.
Effect of potassium ferricyanide and carbamide on caking and dusting properties of potassium chloride. pp. 101--103
Summary: It has been shown that mixed water solution of carbamide and potassium ferrocyanide in combination with polyethylene glycol is highly efficient as a lump formation prevention agent and dust depressant for potassium chloride.
Salytchits. O. I., Dyatlova E. M.
Effect of iron (II) and strontium oxides on structure and properties of cordierite ceramics. pp. 104--107
Summary: Positive effect of iron (II) and strontium oxides on structure and properties of cordierite ceramics has been investigated. The intensification of the process of sintering and formation of crystal components with low thermal expansion and high electroinsulation parameters in its structure has been established.
Shevchuk V. V., Rudakovskaya T. G., Zhdanovich I. B., Mozheyko F. F.
Anti-sleet preparations usable in wide temperature range. pp. 108--111
Summary: Possibility for making non-caking antu-sleet preparations with lower corrosion activity and wide temperature range of action, from solid wastes of potassium salt production, has been shown.
Pishch I. V., Baranovskaja E. I.
Synthesis and properties of pigments based on CdO--Al2O3--Cr2O3. pp. 112--115
Summary: Ceramic pigment preparations on the basis of CdO -- Al2O3 -- Cr2O3 system have been developed. Phase composition and structure of dyes have been investigated. The synthesized pigments may be recommended for decoration of faience and majolica products.
Yausei A. U., Prokopchuk N. R., Kazakov P. P.
Stabilization of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate). pp. 116--121
Summary: Six laboratory and four commercial stabilizers have been added during processing of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) by injection molding to test their efficiency and to obtain more thermostable products during processing. Their stabilization effect has been evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis, FTIR-spectroscopy, tensile tests. Under the conditions used, better results were obtained with commercial stabilizers that allowed to suppress thermal-oxidative degradation of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate).
SCIENTISTS OF BELARUS
Nikolai Semenovich Kozlov (On the occasion of 100th birthday). pp. 122--123
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